ABSTRACT

Background

As health care improves and more people work into later age, it is important to understand what impacts open-mindedness has on decision-making. This paper examined the role of aging on open-mindedness.

Methods

Open-mindedness was measured across 12 studies before data amalgamation. The Actively Open-minded Thinking (AOT) scale and Actively Open-minded Thinking about Evidence (AOT-e) scale measured open-mindedness in this sample (n = 9010) of participants between 18 and 87-years of age.

Results

Summary AOT positively correlated with AOT-e (r = 0.27). For two subfactors derived from factor analysis based on the AOT, scores for both subfactors positively correlated with AOT-e (subfactor-1: r = 0.17/subfactor-2: r = 0.31) but negatively correlated with age (subfactor-1: r = −0.01/subfactor-2: r = −0.16). Age negatively correlated with both AOT (r = −0.11) and AOT-e (r = −0.13). Regressions revealed that open-mindedness decreased with aging. Age marginally predicted the change in open-mindedness, and sex differences were not a predictor.

Conclusion

It is proposed that the observed differences are the result of a reluctance to change long-established values and ideas at the cognitive level and cortical changes that occur with aging. In an aging population where more adults work into later age, the decrease in open-mindedness could influence many areas of judgments of decision-making. Importantly, this demonstrates that open-mindedness varies across lifespan.

中文翻译：

---

思想开放的年龄差异：从 18 岁到 87 岁

摘要

背景

随着医疗保健的改善和越来越多的人工作到晚年，重要的是要了解思想开放对决策的影响。本文研究了衰老对思想开放的作用。

方法

在数据合并之前，对 12 项研究的开放性进行了衡量。积极开放的思维 (AOT) 量表和积极开放的证据思考 (AOT-e) 量表测量了 18 至 87 岁参与者的这个样本 (n = 9010) 的开放性。

结果

总结 AOT 与 AOT-e 呈正相关（r = 0.27）。对于基于 AOT 的因子分析得出的两个子因子，两个子因子的得分与 AOT-e 正相关（subfactor-1：r = 0.17/subfactor-2：r = 0.31）但与年龄负相关（subfactor-1：r = -0.01/子因子-2：r = -0.16）。年龄与 AOT (r = -0.11) 和 AOT-e (r = -0.13) 呈负相关。回归显示，随着年龄的增长，思想开放性下降。年龄略微预测了思想开放的变化，而性别差异不是预测因素。

结论

有人提出，观察到的差异是不愿改变认知水平上长期确立的价值观和观念以及随着年龄增长而发生的皮层变化的结果。在越来越多的成年人工作到晚年的人口老龄化中，思想开放性的下降可能会影响决策判断的许多领域。重要的是，这表明思想开放在整个生命周期中会有所不同。