Bullying continuously attracts the interest of school communities, government policy makers and researchers. The present study enquires into the role of basic psychological needs in perpetrating and victimisation behaviour of children and youth in the social contexts of school and family in a cross-sectional research design. Specifically, this study focuses on the direct effects that basic psychological needs might have on bullying behaviour and bullying victimisation. It was found that basic psychological needs, forged in the relationships with family and school members, could predict bullying victimisation in each social context. Bullying perpetrations could be predicted only by bullying victimisation stemming from each social context, whereas bullying behaviours in school could also be directly predicted by the basic psychological needs developed in the family. Furthermore, path models verified the multiple influences of family functioning on school relationships. Findings of the present study may contribute to designing effective school interventions and to reforming antibullying guidelines for teachers and parents with respect to the basic psychological needs of the children or adolescents who have been victimised.

欺凌不断引起学校社区、政府决策者和研究人员的兴趣。本研究采用横断面研究设计，探讨了基本心理需求在学校和家庭社会背景下儿童和青少年实施和受害行为中的作用。具体而言，本研究侧重于基本心理需求可能对欺凌行为和欺凌受害产生的直接影响。研究发现，在与家庭和学校成员的关系中形成的基本心理需求可以预测每种社会背景下的欺凌受害情况。欺凌行为只能通过来自每个社会背景的欺凌受害来预测，而学校的欺凌行为也可以直接由家庭发展的基本心理需求来预测。此外，路径模型验证了家庭功能对学校关系的多重影响。本研究的结果可能有助于设计有效的学校干预措施，并根据受害儿童或青少年的基本心理需求，为教师和家长改革反欺凌指南。