Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate high school pupils’ relationships with their parents, schoolmates, and friends, and the presence of health-related risk behaviors among the family members and friends on the pupils’ smoking and binge drinking status.
Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional population-based study that involved a questionnaire, and the sample involved 2908 pupils at high schools in Timis county, Romania. In our study, the following factors related to family members and friends and the living environment were identified. First, there were issues with the relationships with parents among some pupils, with 23.2% being neither satisfied nor unsatisfied and 4.9% being unsatisfied. Second, there were also issues regarding some pupils’ satisfaction with the financial situation of their family, with 21.8% being neither satisfied nor unsatisfied and 16.4% being unsatisfied. An odds ratio (OR) is a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events.
Results: There were 1495 (51.5%) girls and 1407 (48.5%) boys aged 14– 20 years, and 79.2% came from organized families. Among the pupils, 71.1% reported that they were satisfied with their relationship with their parents, while 4.9% were unsatisfied. Additionally, 46.2% were satisfied with the financial status of their families, while 16.4% were unsatisfied. Moreover, 59.2% were satisfied with their relationship with their schoolmates and 80.2% were satisfied with their relationship with their friends, while only 1.8% were unsatisfied with their relationship with their friends. The logistic regression model of the pupils’ smoking status identified two moderate predictive factors: this was defined “> 1” friends who smoke (odds ratio [OR]=2.875) and smoking status of siblings (OR=2.222). The major predictive factor in the logistic regression model of occasional alcohol consumption in high quantities by pupils was male gender (OR=5.148).
Conclusion: The predictive model of pupils’ smoking status identified the following moderate predictors: high number of friends who smoke and smoking status of siblings. The major predictor in the model of occasional alcohol consumption in high quantities by pupils was male gender.

Keywords: teenagers, pupils, family, entourage, health risk

中文翻译：

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高中生与父母、同学和朋友的关系以及与健康相关的风险行为

目的：本研究的目的是评估高中生与父母、同学和朋友的关系，以及家庭成员和朋友之间存在的健康相关危险行为对学生吸烟和酗酒状况的影响。
材料和方法：该研究是一项基于人群的横断面研究，涉及问卷调查，样本涉及罗马尼亚蒂米斯县高中的 2908 名学生。在我们的研究中，确定了以下与家庭成员和朋友以及生活环境有关的因素。一是部分学生与家长的关系存在问题，不满意也不满意的占23.2%，不满意的占4.9%。其次，部分学生对家庭经济状况的满意度也存在问题，不满意也不满意的占21.8%，不满意的占16.4%。优势比 (OR) 是量化两个事件之间关联强度的统计数据。
结果：14-20 岁的女孩有 1495 名（51.5%），男孩有 1407 名（48.5%），其中 79.2% 来自有组织的家庭。71.1%的学生对与父母的关系表示满意，4.9%的学生表示不满意。此外，46.2%的人对家庭经济状况感到满意，16.4%的人不满意。此外，59.2%的人对自己与同学的关系感到满意，80.2%的人对自己与朋友的关系感到满意，而只有1.8%的人对自己与朋友的关系不满意。学生吸烟状况的逻辑回归模型确定了两个中等预测因素：定义为“> 1”个吸烟的朋友（优势比 [OR]=2.875）和兄弟姐妹的吸烟状况（OR=2.222）。
结论：学生吸烟状况的预测模型确定了以下中等预测因素：大量吸烟的朋友和兄弟姐妹的吸烟状况。学生偶尔大量饮酒的模型中的主要预测因素是男性。

关键词：青少年、学生、家庭、随行人员、健康风险