Performing high-quality and reliable cognitive testing requires significant resources and training. As a result, large-scale studies involving cognitive testing are difficult to perform in low- and middle-income settings, limiting access to critical knowledge to improve academic achievement and economic production in these populations. The NIH Toolbox® is a collection of cognitive, motor, sensory, and emotional tests that can be administered and scored using an iPad® tablet, reducing the need for training and quality monitoring; and thus, it is a potential solution to this problem.

We describe our process for translation and cultural adaptation of the existing NIH Toolbox tests of fluid cognition into the Swahili and Dholuo languages for use in children aged 3–14 years in western Kenya. Through serial forward and back translations, cognitive interviews, group consensus, outside feedback, and support from the NIH Toolbox team, we produced translated tests that have both face validity and linguistic validation.

During our cognitive interviews, we found that the five chosen tests (one each of attention, cognitive flexibility, working memory, episodic memory, and processing speed) were generally well understood by children aged 7–14 years in our chosen populations. The cognitive interviews informed alterations in translation as well as slight changes in some images to culturally adapt the tests.

This study describes the process by which we translated five fluid cognition tests from the NIH Toolbox into the Swahili and Dholuo languages. The finished testing application will be available for future studies, including a pilot study for assessment of psychometric properties.

执行高质量和可靠的认知测试需要大量资源和培训。因此，涉及认知测试的大规模研究难以在低收入和中等收入环境中进行，限制了获取关键知识以提高这些人群的学术成就和经济生产的机会。NIH Toolbox® 是认知、运动、感觉和情绪测试的集合，可以使用 iPad® 平板电脑进行管理和评分，从而减少对培训和质量监控的需求；因此，它是解决这个问题的潜在方法。

我们描述了将现有的 NIH Toolbox 流体认知测试翻译和文化适应过程，用于肯尼亚西部 3-14 岁儿童的斯瓦希里语和 Dholuo 语言。通过连续的正向和反向翻译、认知访谈、小组共识、外部反馈以及 NIH Toolbox 团队的支持，我们制作了具有面部有效性和语言验证的翻译测试。

在我们的认知访谈中，我们发现选择的五项测试（注意力、认知灵活性、工作记忆、情景记忆和处理速度各一项）在我们选择的人群中被 7-14 岁的儿童普遍理解。认知访谈告知翻译的变化以及一些图像的轻微变化，以适应文化的测试。

这项研究描述了我们将 NIH 工具箱中的五个流体认知测试翻译成斯瓦希里语和 Dholuo 语言的过程。完成的测试应用程序将可用于未来的研究，包括用于评估心理测量特性的试点研究。