Responsible mineral sourcing is a major issue on the global sustainability agenda. Spurred by “conflict minerals”, debates about the ethics of mineral supply chains now encompass a broad set of concerns including child labor, corruption, environmental degradation, and a green transition away from fossil fuels. The past two decades have seen a flurry of initiatives to clean up supply chains and protect the reputation of major companies. Based on a mapping review of 220 studies of responsible mineral supply chains, this study highlights the approaches that responsible minerals sourcing initiatives have taken, focusing on conflict minerals (tin, tungsten tantalum and gold) as well as metals and minerals needed for renewable energy technologies in a transition to a low carbon economy (cobalt, graphite, lithium, manganese and nickel). We briefly describe the evolution of these initiatives, contrast arguments about mandatory and voluntary approaches, summarize findings regarding their impacts on local communities and corporate actors, and discuss the challenges and opportunities of new technologies and traceability systems.

负责任的矿产采购是全球可持续发展议程上的一个主要问题。在“冲突矿物”的推动下，关于矿物供应链伦理的辩论现在涵盖了一系列广泛的问题，包括童工、腐败、环境退化以及远离化石燃料的绿色转型。在过去的二十年里，出现了一系列清理供应链和保护大公司声誉的举措。本研究基于对负责任矿产供应链的 220 项研究的映射审查，重点介绍了负责任矿产采购举措所采取的方法，重点关注冲突矿产（锡、钨钽和金）以及可再生能源技术所需的金属和矿物向低碳经济（钴、石墨、锂、锰和镍）过渡。