ABSTRACT

This article identifies predictors of two influences on desistance from crime – generativity (caring for others) and life satisfaction. Using data from a five-year longitudinal study of 260 women on probation and parole in Michigan, the goal is to determine whether risks and needs common to women offenders are related to generativity and satisfaction with life. Predictors included average values, and changes in values over time, for a range of psychological, social network, contextual, and resource indicators of characteristics common to women offenders. Regression analyses showed that, controlling for the effects of average levels of each variable, women who increased in self-efficacy and educational strengths and those who decreased in employment/financial needs reported high generativity. Women who improved in family relationships and who decreased in economic needs also had high life satisfaction. The findings suggest that community corrections interventions designed to increase women offenders' psychological, financial, and educational resources hold promise for supporting women offenders’ general well-being and potentially their desistance. Relevant to theory, many adversities and circumstances appear to reduce the possibility of generativity and satisfaction with life.

摘要

本文确定了对阻止犯罪的两种影响的预测因素——生育能力（关心他人）和生活满意度。使用来自密歇根州 260 名缓刑和假释妇女的五年纵向研究的数据，目标是确定女性罪犯常见的风险和需求是否与生育能力和对生活的满意度有关。预测变量包括平均值和随时间变化的值，用于女性罪犯常见的一系列心理、社会网络、背景和资源指标。回归分析表明，在控制每个变量平均水平的影响后，自我效能感和教育实力增加的女性以及就业/财务需求下降的女性报告了较高的生育能力。家庭关系改善、经济需求减少的女性也有较高的生活满意度。研究结果表明，旨在增加女性罪犯的心理、财务和教育资源的社区矫正干预措施有望支持女性罪犯的总体幸福感和可能的停止。与理论相关的是，许多逆境和环境似乎会降低生育能力和对生活的满意度。