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Exploring SARS-CoV-2 Spikes Glycoproteins for Designing Potential Antiviral Targets
Viral Immunology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-12 , DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0023
Noha A Kamel 1 , Lamia M El Wakeel 2 , Khaled M Aboshanab 3
Affiliation  

Till today, the globe is still struggling with the newly emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has resulted in multiple fatalities from SARSs all around the world. A year after the global pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported more than 79 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 1.7 million deaths, making it one of the worst and most difficult pandemics encompassed in the modern history. The ongoing triad of escalating infections, mortality, and economic loss has urgently called for recognizing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry mechanisms as a crucial step in the initial stages of infection and to which possible interventional strategies should be targeted. To mediate host cell infections, Coronaviruses utilize the immunogenic studded spikes glycoproteins on its surface as a key factor for attachment, fusion, and entrance to host cells. Herein, we shed the light on a potential strategy involving disruption of SARS-CoV-2 S protein interaction with host cell receptors through design of neutralizing antibodies targeting receptor binding domain in S1 subunit, small peptide inhibitors, peptide fusion inhibitors against S2, host cell angiotensin converting enzymes 2 (ACE2), and protease inhibitors, aiming to pave the way for controlling viral cell entrance. In this review, we also highlight the recent research advances in the antiviral drugs that target the highly exposed spike protein, aiming to stem the COVID-19 pandemic.

中文翻译:

探索 SARS-CoV-2 尖峰糖蛋白以设计潜在的抗病毒靶标

直到今天,全球仍在与由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的新出现的传染病作斗争,该传染病被称为 2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)。它已导致世界各地的 SARS 造成多人死亡。全球大流行一年后,世界卫生组织 (WHO) 报告了超过 7900 万例 COVID-19 确诊病例和超过 170 万人死亡,使其成为现代历史上最严重和最困难的大流行病之一。不断上升的感染、死亡率和经济损失的持续三元组迫切要求将 SARS-CoV-2 细胞进入机制识别为感染初始阶段的关键步骤,并且应针对可能的干预策略。为了介导宿主细胞感染,冠状病毒利用其表面的免疫原性镶嵌刺突糖蛋白作为附着、融合和进入宿主细胞的关键因素。在此,我们揭示了一种潜在策略,包括通过设计靶向 S1 亚基中受体结合域的中和抗体、小肽抑制剂、针对 S2 的肽融合抑制剂、宿主细胞血管紧张素转化酶 2 (ACE2) 和蛋白酶抑制剂,旨在为控制病毒细胞进入铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了针对高度暴露的刺突蛋白的抗病毒药物的最新研究进展,旨在阻止 COVID-19 大流行。在此,我们揭示了一种潜在策略,包括通过设计靶向 S1 亚基中受体结合域的中和抗体、小肽抑制剂、针对 S2 的肽融合抑制剂、宿主细胞血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 和蛋白酶抑制剂,旨在为控制病毒细胞进入铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了针对高度暴露的刺突蛋白的抗病毒药物的最新研究进展,旨在阻止 COVID-19 大流行。在此,我们揭示了一种潜在策略,包括通过设计靶向 S1 亚基中受体结合域的中和抗体、小肽抑制剂、针对 S2 的肽融合抑制剂、宿主细胞血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 和蛋白酶抑制剂,旨在为控制病毒细胞进入铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了针对高度暴露的刺突蛋白的抗病毒药物的最新研究进展,旨在阻止 COVID-19 大流行。针对 S2、宿主细胞血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 和蛋白酶抑制剂的肽融合抑制剂,旨在为控制病毒细胞进入铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了针对高度暴露的刺突蛋白的抗病毒药物的最新研究进展,旨在阻止 COVID-19 大流行。针对 S2、宿主细胞血管紧张素转化酶 2 (ACE2) 和蛋白酶抑制剂的肽融合抑制剂,旨在为控制病毒细胞进入铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了针对高度暴露的刺突蛋白的抗病毒药物的最新研究进展,旨在阻止 COVID-19 大流行。
更新日期:2021-10-17
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