Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inactivated virus was achieved using disposable and biofunctionalized functional strips, which can be connected externally to a reusable printed circuit board for signal amplification with an embedded metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). A series of chemical reactions was performed to immobilize both a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody onto the Au-plated electrode used as the sensing surface. An important step in the biofunctionalization, namely, the formation of Au-plated clusters on the sensor strips, was verified by scanning electron microscopy, as well as electrical measurements, to confirm successful binding of thiol groups on this Au surface. The functionalized sensor was externally connected to the gate electrode of the MOSFET, and synchronous pulses were applied to both the sensing strip and the drain contact of the MOSFET. The resulting changes in the dynamics of drain waveforms were converted into analog voltages and digital readouts, which correlate with the concentration of proteins and virus present in the tested solution. A broad range of protein concentrations from 1 fg/ml to 10 μg/ml and virus concentrations from 100 to 2500 PFU/ml were detectable for the sensor functionalized with both antibodies. The results show the potential of this approach for the development of a portable, low-cost, and disposable cartridge sensor system for point-of-care detection of viral diseases.

中文翻译：

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使用一次性盒带和基于半导体的生物传感器平台快速检测 SARS-CoV-2 病毒


使用一次性生物功能化功能条检测 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白和灭活病毒，该功能条可以从外部连接到可重复使用的印刷电路板，通过嵌入式金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管 (MOSFET) 进行信号放大）。进行一系列化学反应，将单克隆抗体和多克隆抗体固定到用作传感表面的镀金电极上。生物功能化的一个重要步骤，即在传感带上形成镀金簇，通过扫描电子显微镜以及电测量进行验证，以确认硫醇基团在该金表面上的成功结合。功能化传感器外部连接到 MOSFET 的栅极，并向 MOSFET 的传感带和漏极触点施加同步脉冲。由此产生的漏极波形动态变化被转换为模拟电压和数字读数，这与测试溶液中存在的蛋白质和病毒的浓度相关。对于用两种抗体功能化的传感器，可检测从 1 fg/ml 到 10 μg /ml 的广泛蛋白质浓度和从 100 到 2500 PFU/ml 的病毒浓度。结果表明，这种方法在开发用于病毒性疾病即时检测的便携式、低成本、一次性盒式传感器系统方面具有潜力。