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Ophiolite derived material as parent rocks for Late Jurassic bauxite: evidence for Tithonian unroofing in the Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps, Austria)
International Journal of Earth Sciences ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s00531-021-02044-6
Timotheus Martin Christoph Steiner , Hans-Jürgen Gawlick , Frank Melcher , Felix Schlagintweit

In shallow-water limestones of the Plassen Formation in the Tirolic nappe of the Northern Calcareous Alps, bauxite was formed on karstified and tilted platform margin grainstones to boundstones around the ?Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary, or in the Early Tithonian as proven by Protopeneroplis striata Weynschenk, Labyrinthina mirabilis Weynschenk, and Salpingoporella pygmaea Gümbel. The platform established on top of the obducted ophiolite nappe stack. The onset of unroofing at the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary exposed ophiolites to weathering, forming laterites, and bauxites. The weathered ophiolitic material was shed on the tilted, emerged, and karstified platform, where the bauxite accumulated. Continued subsidence led to flooding, and a Tithonian transgressive carbonate sequence sealed the bauxites. XRD analysis of the bauxite yields a composition of mainly boehmite with hematite and some berthierine, kaolinite, and chromite. SEM analysis verified magnetite, hematite, rutile, chromite, zircon, ferropseudobrookite, ilmenite, monazite, xenotime, and garnet distributed in pisoids and within the matrix. The pisoids reach a millimeter in size and partly show cores of older, larger pisoids. The composition of the chromites indicates an ophiolitic origin. Geochemical examination using major- and trace elements points to a mafic andesitic to basaltic parent material contaminated with highly fractionated rocks from an island arc. Formation of Early Tithonian bauxites in shallow-water limestones confirms Middle to Early Late Jurassic ophiolite obduction. This was followed by uplift and unroofing of the orogen from the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary onwards after a period of relative tectonic quiescence with an onset of carbonate platforms during the Kimmeridgian on top of the nappe stack and the obducted Neo-Tethys ophiolites.



中文翻译:

蛇绿岩衍生的物质作为晚侏罗纪铝土矿的母岩:北部钙质阿尔卑斯山(东阿尔卑斯山,奥地利)的铁通体屋面证据

在北部钙质阿尔卑斯山的提洛里克脉浆岩Plassen组的浅水灰岩中,铝矾土形成在喀斯特迪基安/提通盆地边界周围的岩溶化和倾斜的台缘岩与界碑之间,或在Protopeneroplis striata Weynschenk证明的提通早期。 ,迷宫迷迭香,温氏小菜和迷迭香沙门氏菌(Salpingoporella pygmaea)古姆贝尔。该平台建立在被绑住的蛇绿岩尿布叠层之上。Kimmeridgian / Tithonian边界上的顶板化作用使蛇绿岩遭受风化,形成红土和铝土矿。风化的脂石质物质掉落在铝土矿聚集的倾斜,出露和岩溶化的平台上。持续的沉陷导致洪水泛滥,铁通的碳酸盐岩层序封闭了铝土矿。对铝土矿的XRD分析得出主要成分为勃姆石,赤铁矿和一些黄柏碱,高岭石和铬铁矿。扫描电镜分析证实磁铁矿,赤铁矿,金红石,铬铁矿,锆石,硅铁锰钙铁矿,钛铁矿,独居石,xenotime和石榴石分布在类胡萝卜素中和基质中。螺旋体的大小达到一毫米,部分显示出较大,较大的螺旋体的核心。亚铬酸盐的组成表明是脂石质起源。使用主要和微量元素进行的地球化学检查表明,镁铁质的安山岩到玄武岩母质被岛弧中的高分馏岩石污染了。在浅水石灰岩中形成早期的泰通石铝土矿,证实了侏罗纪中晚期到晚蛇绿岩的诱变。随后是相对静止的一段时间后,造山带从基米尼迪安/提通山边界隆起和隆起,随后在推覆岩层顶部的基米尼迪安期和碳酸盐岩台架被俯冲的新特提斯蛇绿岩中出现了碳酸盐台地。在浅水石灰岩中形成早期的泰通石铝土矿,证实了侏罗纪中晚期到晚蛇绿岩的诱变。随后是相对静止的一段时间后,造山带从基米尼迪安/提通山边界隆起和隆起,随后在推覆岩层顶部的基米尼迪安期和碳酸盐岩台架被俯冲的新特提斯蛇绿岩中出现了碳酸盐台地。在浅水石灰岩中形成早期的泰通石铝土矿,证实了侏罗纪中晚期到晚蛇绿岩的诱变。随后是相对静止的一段时间后,造山带从基米尼迪安/提通山边界隆起和隆起,随后在推覆岩层顶部的基米尼迪安期和碳酸盐岩台架被俯冲的新特提斯蛇绿岩中出现了碳酸盐台地。

更新日期:2021-05-22
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