The aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in promoting resilience among physicians. Previous reviews concerning resilience did not assess effectiveness in a systematic way using meta-analytic methods. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to January 31, 2020. Randomized clinical trials, non-randomized clinical trials, and repeated-measures studies of intervention designs targeting at resilience in physicians were included. Eleven studies were included in the review (n = 580 physicians). Research findings suggest that interventions for resilience in physicians were associated with small but significant benefits. Subgroup analyses suggested small but significantly improved effects for emotional–supportive–coping interventions (Hedges's g = 0.242; 95% CI, 0.082–0.402, p = .003) compared with mindfulness–meditation–relaxation interventions (Hedges's g = 0.208; 95% CI, 0.131–0.285, p = .000). Interventions that were delivered for more than a week indicated higher effect (Hedges's g = 0.262; 95% CI, 0.169–0.355, p = .000) compared with interventions delivered for up to a week (Hedges's g = 0.172; 95% CI, −0.010 to 0.355, p = .064). Results were not influenced by the risk of bias ratings. Findings suggest that physicians can benefit in their personal levels of resilience from attending an intervention specifically designed for that reason for more than a week. Moreover, policy-makers should view current results as a significant source of redesigning healthcare systems and promoting attendance of resilience interventions by physicians. Future research should address the need for more higher-quality studies and improved study designs.

中文翻译：

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医生的复原力干预：系统评价和荟萃分析

本综述的目的是评估干预措施在促进医生复原力方面的有效性。先前有关复原力的评论没有使用元分析方法以系统的方式评估有效性。PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials 从开始到 2020 年 1 月 31 日进行了检索。随机临床试验、非随机临床试验和针对医生复原力的干预设计的重复测量研究包括在内。11 项研究被纳入评价（n = 580 名医生）。研究结果表明，对医生复原力的干预与小而显着的好处相关。亚组分析表明 ， 与正念-冥想-放松干预（Hedges 的g = 0.208  ；95% CI，0.131–0.285，p  = .000）。与长达一周的干预 （Hedges g =  0.172  ；95% CI， -0.010 至 0.355，p  = .064）。结果不受偏倚评级风险的影响。研究结果表明，医生可以通过参加专门为此设计的干预超过一周来提高他们的个人复原力水平。此外，政策制定者应将当前结果视为重新设计医疗保健系统和促进医生参与弹性干预的重要来源。未来的研究应该解决对更高质量研究和改进研究设计的需求。