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Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
Journal of Water, Sanitation & Hygiene for Development ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2021.269
Prerna Prasad 1 , Nienke Andriessen 2 , Anantha Moorthy 1 , Amrita Das 1 , Kayla Coppens 2 , Rohini Pradeep 1 , Linda Strande 2
Affiliation  

Estimates of accumulated quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge are essential for developing city-wide management plans. However, standardized approaches are lacking, and examples in scientific literature make use of diverse methodologies and parameters, making their comparability and transferability difficult. This study field-tested an approach for estimating Q&Q in Sircilla, India, and compared three methods for measuring accumulated sludge: (1) faecal sludge accumulation rate from in situ measurement with a core sampler; (2) faecal sludge accumulation rate with volume emptied by desludging truck; and (3) sludge blanket accumulation rate in situ with a core sampler. Measurements were taken at households and commercial establishments, samples were analysed for characteristics, and demographic, environmental, and technical data were collected with a questionnaire. The median total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations for all containments were 26.8, 17.8, and 32.0 g/L, respectively. The median faecal sludge accumulation rate estimated with the core sampler and truck were 53 and 96 L/cap·year, respectively. The median sludge blanket accumulation rate was 17 L/cap·year. Continued data collection in this fashion will lead to a better understanding of what is accumulating in onsite containments at regional levels.



中文翻译:

粪便污泥的数量和质量(Q&Q)估算方法:印度锡尔西拉的现场评估

粪便污泥的累积数量和质量(Q&Q)估计对于制定全市范围的管理计划至关重要。但是,缺乏标准化的方法,并且科学文献中的示例使用了多种方法和参数,这使得它们的可比性和可传递性变得困难。这项研究在印度的锡尔西拉(Sircilla)进行了现场评估Q&Q的方法,并比较了三种测量累积污泥的方法:(1)使用岩心采样器现场测量粪便污泥累积率;(2)粪便污泥堆积率,除污车为空;(3)污泥层原位累积率使用核心采样器。在家庭和商业机构进行了测量,分析了样品的特征,并通过问卷调查收集了人口,环境和技术数据。所有密闭容器的中值总固体(TS),挥发性固体(VS)和化学需氧量(COD)浓度分别为26.8 g / L,17.8 g / L和32.0 g / L。用岩心取样器和卡车估算的粪便污泥中位累积率分别为53和96 L / cap·年。污泥覆盖层中位累积速率为17 L / cap·年。以这种方式继续收集数据将使人们更好地了解区域一级现场收容所中积累的东西。

更新日期:2021-05-22
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