Lodging is a function of many factors, but their relative importance is unclear in maize. To clarify this, a two year field experiment that involved six maize genotypes and two plant densities was conducted in 2018 and 2019. Genotypes with a similar growth cycle length but different lodging resistance were selected and sown in April 2018 and May 2019, respectively. As using single indicator aboveground or belowground to assess lodging resistance is inaccurate, both root (R) and shoot (S) traits were considered in the present study. Based on the ratio of root angle and fresh weight of shoot, lodging resistant (LR) genotypes were classified into LR_R>S and LR_R≈S, and lodging susceptible (LS) genotypes into LS_R<S and LS_R<<S. LR_R>S displayed the largest stem and root safety factor values (SFs and SFr, representing lodging resistance) due to higher dry weight per unit length (DWUL) of the 3^rd stem internode aboveground, larger root system, and stiffer upper roots compared to other genotype groups. Both LS_R<S and LS_R<<S were sensitive to lodging due to large values in fresh weight (FW) of aboveground plant, plant height (PH), and height at center of gravity (GH). At high plant density, LR genotypes had higher SFr and SFs due to reduced FW and self-weight moments of stem (Ms) and root (Mr) compared to LS genotypes. Both SFs and SFr were higher at harvest than at 30 d after silking because of reduced FW and GH and increased DWUL. SFr and SFs were significantly correlated at 30 d after silking and harvest. No lodging occurred at root dry weight> 17.79 g, and SFs had the largest value at DWUL > 0.556 g cm⁻¹. LR genotypes on average yielded better than LS genotypes. There appears to be trade-offs between lodging resistance and high-yielding in maize. Optimizing assimilates partitioning among ear, basal stem, and upper roots should be considered when increasing lodging resistance and yield in maize.

倒伏是许多因素的函数，但在玉米中它们的相对重要性尚不清楚。为了澄清这一点，在2018年和2019年进行了一项涉及6种玉米基因型和2种植物密度的两年田间试验。分别选择了2018年4月和2019年5月播种的具有相似生长周期长度但抗倒伏性不同的基因型。由于使用地上或地下的单一指标来评估抗倒伏性是不准确的，因此在本研究中考虑了根（R）和芽（S）性状。根据根部根茎和鲜重的比值，将耐倒伏（LR）基因型分为LR _{R> S}和_LRR≈S，将_耐倒伏（LS）基因型分为LS _{R <S}和LS _{R << S 。}左心室_ř>取值显示由于每3的单位长度（DWUL）更高的干重最大的茎和根的安全系数的值（SFS和SFR，代表抗倒伏）^RD干间地上，较大的根系统，和更硬的上部根相比其他基因型组。LS _{R <S}和LS _{R << S}由于地上植物的新鲜重量（FW），植物高度（PH）和重心高度（GH）较大，因此对倒伏敏感。与LS基因型相比，在高植物密度下，LR基因型具有较高的SFr和SFs，这是由于FW降低以及茎（Ms）和根（Mr）的自重矩降低了。由于FW和GH降低以及DWUL升高，收获后的SF和SFr均高于抽穗后30 d。蚕丝和收获后30 d，SFr和SFs显着相关。根干重> 17.79 g时无倒伏发生，而DWUL> 0.556 g cm ^-1时SFs最大值。。LR基因型平均比LS基因型好。玉米在抗倒伏性和高产之间似乎需要权衡取舍。增加玉米的抗倒伏性和产量时，应考虑优化同化物在穗，基茎和上根之间的分配。