There is a great demand for transparent films, membranes, or substrates in the fields of intelligent wearables, electronic skins, air filtration, and tissue engineering. Traditional materials such as glass and plastics cannot satisfy these requirements because of the lack of interconnected pores, undesirable porosity, and flexibility. Electrospun fibrous membranes offset these shortcomings because they contain small pores and have high porosity as well as outstanding flexibility. Thus, the development of transparent electrospun fibrous membranes is of great value. This work reports a simple and effective way to develop flexible and porous transparent fibrous membranes (TFMs) directly from electrospun fibrous membranes via mechanical pressing, without employing any other additives. In addition, the relationship between the transparency performance and the molecular structure of the polymers after pressing was summarized for the first time. After mechanical pressing, the membranes maintained fibrous morphology, micron-sized pores, and desired porosity. Polystyrene fibrous membranes, which exhibited excellent optical and mechanical properties, were used as a reference. The TFMs possessed high transparency (~89% visible light transmittance at 550 nm), high porosity (10%–30%), and strong mechanical tensile strength (~148 MPa), nearly 78 times that of the pristine electrospun fibrous membranes. Moreover, this study demonstrated that transparent and conductive membranes can be fabricated based on TFMs using vacuum-assisted filtration of silver nanowires followed by mechanical pressing. Compared with indium tin oxide films, conductive TFMs exhibited good electrical conductivities (9 Ω per square (Ω·sq⁻¹), 78% transmittance at 550 nm) and notable mechanical performance (to bear abundant bending stresses).

智能穿戴、电子皮肤、空气过滤、组织工程等领域对透明薄膜、膜或基板的需求量很大。玻璃和塑料等传统材料无法满足这些要求，因为它们缺乏相互连通的孔隙、不理想的孔隙率和柔韧性。电纺纤维膜弥补了这些缺点，因为它们含有小孔，具有高孔隙率以及出色的柔韧性。因此，透明电纺纤维膜的开发具有重要价值。这项工作报告了一种简单有效的方法，可以通过机械压制直接从电纺纤维膜开发柔性多孔透明纤维膜 (TFM)，而无需使用任何其他添加剂。此外，首次总结了压制后聚合物的透明性能与分子结构之间的关系。机械压制后，膜保持纤维形态、微米级孔隙和所需的孔隙率。聚苯乙烯纤维膜表现出优异的光学和机械性能，被用作参考。TFM 具有高透明度（在 550 nm 时可见光透射率约为 89%）、高孔隙率（10%–30%）和强机械拉伸强度（~148 MPa），是原始电纺纤维膜的近 78 倍。此外，这项研究表明，透明导电膜可以基于 TFM 使用银纳米线的真空辅助过滤然后机械压制来制造。与氧化铟锡薄膜相比，⁻¹ ), 78% transmittance at 550 nm) 和显着的机械性能（承受充足的弯曲应力）。