In conservation and cleaning of historical paintings, the use of water was discouraged because of its effects in terms of swelling and leaching of pictorial materials and of color modification. Nevertheless, water can represent a good substitute of organic solvents and of other tools recently employed for cleaning and restoration. The research article assesses the wetting characteristics and to quantifies the effect of the water absorption on the color changes for historical paintings. For these purposes, different typologies of painting mock-ups have been prepared in the laboratory to reproduce the main antique pictorial techniques. The results highlighted that the binder played an important function in the wetting properties assessed by contact angle measurement. The water absorption tests underlined that the topography of the painting surface strongly influenced the water absorption. The data have been correlated to colorimetric measurements to quantify the color alteration induced by water. This quantification is important to define the role of water-based products in cleaning and conservation procedures. The water, in fact, could be a good tool of green chemistry to save the health of the restorer and the environment.

中文翻译：

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水对历史绘画色彩变化的影响

在历史绘画的保护和清洁中，不鼓励使用水，因为它会影响图画材料的膨胀和浸出以及颜色修改。然而，水可以代表有机溶剂和最近用于清洁和修复的其他工具的良好替代品。该研究文章评估了润湿特性并量化了吸水率对历史绘画颜色变化的影响。为此，实验室准备了不同类型的绘画模型，以再现主要的古董绘画技术。结果强调，粘合剂在通过接触角测量评估的润湿性能中发挥着重要作用。吸水率测试表明，油漆表面的地形对吸水率有很大影响。这些数据已与比色测量相关联，以量化由水引起的颜色变化。这种量化对于定义水基产品在清洁和保护程序中的作用很重要。事实上，水可能是一种很好的绿色化学工具，可以保护恢复者的健康和环境。