The recent literature has derived simple formulas for the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) that are easy to interpret, but that only apply to the global economy. This is an issue since international transfers to sustain the global optimum with the same carbon price for all countries are still lacking after thirty years of climate summits. The main research objective of our paper is to obtain tractable analytical and interpretable formulas for the SCC, the optimal carbon taxes, and the optimal consumption-abatement strategies in a non-cooperative world. We find that the optimal taxes are proportional to national GDP and can be decomposed into a domestic and a foreign component where the latter stems from trade. Besides, heterogeneity in country-specific damage functions together with the size of international trade significantly affects the regional distribution of the SCC. Consequently, trade can also affect the total amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere.

最近的文献推导出了碳社会成本 (SCC) 的简单公式，这些公式易于解释，但仅适用于全球经济。这是一个问题，因为在三十年的气候峰会之后，仍然缺乏国际转移以维持所有国家相同的碳价格的全球最优。我们论文的主要研究目标是在非合作世界中获得 SCC、最佳碳税和最佳消费减排策略的易于分析和可解释的公式。我们发现最优税收与国家 GDP 成正比，可以分解为国内和国外部分，后者来自贸易。除了，国家特定损害函数的异质性以及国际贸易的规模显着影响 SCC 的区域分布。因此，贸易也会影响排放到大气中的二氧化碳总量。