Rhizosphere effects play a vital role in controlling soil biogeochemical cycling. However, quantitative assessments of rhizosphere effects on belowground processes such as carbon and nitrogen cycling remain rare, especially for woody species in field experiments. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize the rhizosphere effects of woody plants (185 species from 128 sites) on belowground processes (20 variables), including soil carbon and nutrient pools, microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and carbon and net nitrogen mineralization rates. We also explored the effects of plant mycorrhizal types (arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM vs. ectomycorrhizal, ECM), leaf traits (evergreen vs. deciduous, broadleaf vs. coniferous), bulk soil properties and climatic factors on these rhizosphere effects. Our results indicated that the rhizosphere effects were positive on all variables except soil pH and phenol oxidase activity. Most rhizosphere effects did not vary significantly between mycorrhizal types, but the effect on soil nitrate-N was notably lower under ECM-associated species than under AM-associated species. Rhizosphere effects increased carbon and net nitrogen mineralization rates by 38% and 40% on average, and their variations were mainly affected by bulk soil properties (e.g., pH, soil organic carbon and available nitrogen concentrations) rather than by plant functional types and climatic factors. Collectively, these results provide quantitative evidence that rhizosphere effects play important roles in influencing belowground carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems, which are helpful for the development of ecosystem models that explicitly consider plant-soil interactions in the rhizosphere.

根际效应在控制土壤生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用。但是，对根际对地下过程（例如碳和氮循环）影响的定量评估仍然很少，尤其是对于田间实验中的木本物种而言。在这里，我们进行了荟萃分析，以合成木本植物（128个地点的185种）的根际效应对地下过程（20个变量）的影响，包括土壤碳和养分库，微生物生物量，酶活性以及碳和净氮矿化费率。我们还探讨了植物菌根类型（丛枝菌根，AM与外生菌根，ECM），叶片性状（常绿与落叶，阔叶与针叶），大量土壤特性和气候因素对这些根际影响的影响。我们的结果表明，除土壤pH和酚氧化酶活性外，根际效应对所有变量均呈正值。在菌根类型之间，大多数根际效应没有显着差异，但在ECM相关物种下对土壤硝酸盐-N的影响明显低于在AM相关物种下。根际影响使碳和净氮矿化率平均提高了38％和40％，其变化主要受土壤性质（例如pH，土壤有机碳和有效氮浓度）的影响，而不是受植物功能类型和气候因素的影响。这些结果共同提供了定量的证据，表明根际效应在影响森林生态系统地下碳和养分循环方面发挥着重要作用，