Context: The Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus) has experienced range-wide declines and has been listed as Threatened by the USA Fish and Wildlife Service to receive protections under the USA Endangered Species Act. A draft Recovery Plan was recently completed. No seasonal habitat models have been developed for the small isolated populations.

Aims: To develop a habitat suitability model that was collaboratively developed between modellers and conservation practitioners to predict the probability of use by Gunnison sage-grouse during the breeding and summer seasons in designated occupied critical habitat, and extrapolate to adjacent designated unoccupied critical habitat.

Methods: We captured, marked and tracked Gunnison sage-grouse in nine different studies spanning 25 years. We used a suite of biotic, abiotic and vegetation local-level and population-scale covariates in a use-available resource selection function to develop models that predict the probability of use by Gunnison sage-grouse.

Key results: We used 9140 Gunnison sage-grouse locations from 406 individual birds to develop nine resource selection models for occupied habitat and extrapolated model predictions to adjacent unoccupied critical habitat in five small isolated Gunnison sage-grouse populations. A majority of our models validated well.

Conclusions: We report the first two-season resource use-based habitat suitability models for five of six small isolated Gunnison sage-grouse populations. Because of the unique habitat use by Gunnison sage-grouse in each population, we recommend that resource managers strategically target management actions in individual populations and avoid ‘one-size-fits-all’ habitat management prescriptions.

Implications: Our models will assist managers in the identification of seasonal habitats within populations to target management actions for Gunnison sage-grouse recovery.

背景：甘尼森鼠尾草（Centocercus minimus）经历了范围广泛的下降，并被《美国鱼类和野生动物服务局》列为“受到威胁”，以根据《美国濒危物种法》获得保护。恢复计划草案最近完成。尚未为偏远的小种群开发季节性生境模型。

目的：建立一个栖息地适宜性模型，该模型由建模人员和保护从业人员共同开发，以预测甘尼森鼠尾草在繁殖和夏季期间在指定的被占用的关键栖息地使用的可能性，并推断到相邻的指定的未被占用的关键栖息地。

方法：我们在25年的9项不同研究中捕获，标记和跟踪了Gunnison鼠尾草。我们在可利用的资源选择函数中使用了一组生物，非生物和植被的局部和人口规模协变量，以开发模型来预测甘尼森鼠尾草的使用可能性。

主要结果：我们使用了406只个体禽类的9140个冈尼森鼠尾草位置，开发了9种资源选择模型用于栖息地，并将模型推算到五个孤立的小型Gunnison鼠尾草种群中的相邻的无人关键栖息地。我们的大多数模型都很好地验证了。

结论：我们报告了针对六个孤立的冈尼森鼠尾草小种群中的五个的第一个基于两季资源使用的栖息地适宜性模型。由于Gunnison鼠尾草在每个种群中都有独特的栖息地用途，因此我们建议资源管理人员从战略上针对单个种群的管理行动，并避免采用“千篇一律”的栖息地管理规定。

启示：我们的模型将协助管理人员确定种群内的季节性栖息地，以针对甘尼森鼠尾草-松鸡恢复的管理行动为目标。