In recent years, an increasing number of reports have linked the RNA-binding protein Staufen1 (STAU1) to the control of cell decision making. In non-transformed cells, STAU1 balances the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) regulons that regulate differentiation and well-ordered cell division. Misregulation of STAU1 expression and/or functions changes the fragile balance in the expression of pro- and anti-proliferative and apoptotic genes and favours a novel equilibrium that supports cell proliferation and cancer development. The misregulation of STAU1 functions causes multiple coordinated modest effects in the post-transcriptional regulation of many RNA targets that code for cell cycle regulators, leading to dramatic consequences at the cellular level. The new tumorigenic equilibrium in STAU1-mediated gene regulation observed in cancer cells can be further altered by a slight increase in STAU1 expression that favours expression of pro-apoptotic genes and cell death. The STAU1-dependent cell cycle regulon is a good model to study how abnormal expression of an RNA-binding protein promotes cell growth and provides an advantageous selection of malignant cells in the first step of cancer development.

中文翻译：

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依赖于 Staufen1 的细胞周期调节子或失调的 RNA 结合蛋白如何导致癌症

近年来，越来越多的报道将 RNA 结合蛋白 Staufen1 (STAU1) 与细胞决策的控制联系起来。在非转化细胞中，STAU1 平衡了调节分化和有序细胞分裂的信使 RNA (mRNA) 调节子的表达。STAU1 表达和/或功能的错误调节改变了促增殖和抗增殖和凋亡基因表达的脆弱平衡，并有利于支持细胞增殖和癌症发展的新平衡。STAU1 功能的错误调节在许多编码细胞周期调节剂的 RNA 靶标的转录后调节中引起多重协调的适度影响，从而在细胞水平上产生巨大的后果。在癌细胞中观察到的 STAU1 介导的基因调控中新的致瘤平衡可以通过 STAU1 表达的轻微增加来进一步改变，这有利于促凋亡基因的表达和细胞死亡。STAU1 依赖性细胞周期调节子是研究 RNA 结合蛋白的异常表达如何促进细胞生长的一个很好的模型，并在癌症发展的第一步提供了对恶性细胞的有利选择。