ABSTRACT

Since 2002 and the election of Álvaro Uribe as president, national pride and sentiment have grown substantially in Colombia. While it is possible to understand this as a positive phenomenon, given Colombia's historical difficulties in constructing itself as a nation, this paper develops the notion of nationism (distinct from nationalism) and on that basis argues that the figure of the nation is actually central to constructing an enduring right-wing hegemony in Colombia. I focus on the Victims' Law of 2011, an important achievement for the country, crucially understood as part of the process designed to help Colombia move beyond the violence that has dominated its history since the middle of the twentieth century. The Victims' Law prioritizes memory and remembering for overcoming the divisiveness of Colombia's recent past and enabling it to enter a peaceful future. I develop a reading, however, that favours comprehending this project more fruitfully as an attempt to create memories that, in turn, will lead to the recognition of the existence of a reconciled nation, the subject of such memories: for collective memories require collective subjects (nations) to be their bearers. But the nation so-created, I then argue, is not what it purports to be: a collective subject supporting the collective aspirations of all Colombians. Rather, banefully, I contend that the figure of the nation being developed in Colombia is, more pragmatically and indeed more fundamentally, a symbolic means by which dominant social actors repudiate and repress internal dissent and dissenters, induce historical amnesia about the actual causes of Colombia's conflict and its history of violence, and thus, rather than serve as a prerequisite to usher in a future of peaceful and widespread social development, it aids and abets the prorogation of right-wing hegemony: apparently ending it theory while doing nothing to discontinue it, in fact.

摘要

自2002年以来，当哥伦比亚的总统，民族骄傲和情绪选举Álvaro雇用的选举。虽然可以将其理解为一种积极现象，但鉴于哥伦比亚在将自己建设成为一个国家方面存在历史困难，本文发展了民族主义的概念（与民族主义不同），并在此基础上认为民族形象实际上是构建民族主义的核心。在哥伦比亚建立持久的右翼霸权。我关注的是 2011 年的受害者法，这是该国的一项重要成就，重要的是将其理解为旨在帮助哥伦比亚摆脱自 20 世纪中叶以来一直主导其历史的暴力进程的一部分。受害者法优先考虑记忆和记忆，以克服哥伦比亚的分歧” s最近的过去并使其进入和平的未来。然而，我开发了一种阅读方式，它有利于更富有成效地理解这个项目，作为创造记忆的尝试，反过来，这将导致承认一个和解的民族的存在，这种记忆的主题：因为集体记忆需要集体主题（民族）成为他们的承载者。但是，我接着争辩说，这样创建的国家并不是它所声称的那样：一个支持所有哥伦比亚人集体愿望的集体主体。相反，令人讨厌的是，我认为哥伦比亚正在发展的民族形象更务实，实际上更根本，是一种象征性手段，主要社会行为者通过这种手段否定和镇压内部异见人士和持不同政见者，诱发对哥伦比亚实际原因的历史遗忘'