Due to climate change, heat events in Canada have become more extreme in intensity and frequency and will continue to do so according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's global predictions. Environmental justice research has indicated that extreme heat exposure disproportionally affects socio-economically disadvantaged populations in cities. The objective of this research was to determine whether such a phenomenon exists in Montreal, Canada. Temperature data were obtained through in-situ sensors and governmental weather stations, while census data were retrieved from Statistics Canada through the Census mapper. Correlation tests were run between temperature and five demographic and socio-economic variables measured inside a 500 m buffer around the temperature sensors. The variables included Indigenous Peoples (IND), people of 65 years old and over (Over 65), people between 25 and 64 years old without a high school degree (No HS), and low-income (LI). A positive correlation was found for LI and No HS (p < 0.05). A regression test performed with interpolated temperature and the demographic and socio-economic variables across the study area revealed no significant correlation due to spatial heterogeneity.

中文翻译：

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蒙特利尔关于城市热岛现象的环境正义问题

由于气候变化，加拿大的高温事件在强度和频率上变得更加极端，并且根据政府间气候变化专门委员会的全球预测将继续这样做。环境正义研究表明，极端高温暴露对城市社会经济弱势群体的影响不成比例。这项研究的目的是确定加拿大蒙特利尔是否存在这种现象。温度数据是通过现场传感器和政府气象站获得的，而人口普查数据是通过人口普查地图从加拿大统计局检索的。在温度与温度传感器周围 500 m 缓冲区内测量的五个人口统计和社会经济变量之间进行相关性测试。变量包括原住民 (IND)、65 岁及以上的人（65 岁以上）、25 至 64 岁的没有高中学历的人（无 HS）和低收入人群（LI）。LI 和无 HS 呈正相关（p < 0.05）。使用插值温度和整个研究区域的人口和社会经济变量进行的回归测试显示，由于空间异质性，没有显着相关性。