The venue of new technologies such as autonomous vehicles implies the design not only of the product but also of services related to it. These systems are known as Product Service Systems (PSS). Moreover, they are not only PSS but also System of Systems (SoS). Up till now, research has been addressing the design of PSS and SoS separately. The PSS literature focuses mainly on the product servitization and the increasing heterogeneity of PSS elements. On the other hand, the SoS literature focuses on the relationships between SoS constituent systems and their management. Both research domains propose systems modeling approaches and systems architectural patterns independently according to PSSs and SoS development contexts. In order to address this gap and support PSSoS design and development, there is a need to identify necessary data, the PSSoS ontology. The proposed ontology is developed with the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and is structured in four views: the stakeholder view, the service view, the systems view, and the operational view. The proposed model has been validated by nine industrial experts as well as five industrial projects; and is illustrated via the case of Plug&Charge within one of the major automotive French constructors.

中文翻译：

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提出支持系统工程产品服务系统的本体

自动驾驶汽车等新技术的出现不仅意味着产品的设计，也意味着与之相关的服务的设计。这些系统称为产品服务系统 (PSS)。此外，它们不仅是 PSS，而且是系统的系统 (SoS)。到目前为止，研究一直在分别解决 PSS 和 SoS 的设计问题。PSS 文献主要关注产品服务化和 PSS 要素日益增加的异质性。另一方面，SoS 文献侧重于 SoS 组成系统及其管理之间的关系。这两个研究领域都根据 PSS 和 SoS 开发环境独立地提出了系统建模方法和系统架构模式。为了弥补这一差距并支持 PSSoS 的设计和开发，需要确定必要的数据，PSSoS 本体。提议的本体是用统一建模语言 (UML) 开发的，并由四个视图构成：涉众视图、服务视图、系统视图和操作视图。所提出的模型已经通过了九位行业专家和五个工业项目的验证；并通过法国主要汽车制造商之一的 Plug&Charge 案例进行说明。