With the launch of Sentinel-1 in 2014, a new era of openly accessible spaceborne radar imagery was begun, and its potential has been demonstrated throughout all fields of applications. However, while interferometric approaches to detect surface deformations are continuously being published, only a few studies address the derivation of digital elevation models (DEMs) from Sentinel-1 data. This is mainly because of the narrow orbital tube, which was primarily designed for subsidence measurements using differential interferometry. Nonetheless, the technical conditions are provided for successful applications involving DEM generation. These are outlined in the first part of this article with a focus on potential error sources and the impact of the most important constraints, namely, temporal and perpendicular baselines. The second part evaluates 21 studies on this topic, their aims, and how they dealt with error sources and the necessity of validation. These studies are then discussed based on the main challenges and potentials including how these can be tackled in the future to lay a solid foundation for scientific discourse. Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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从Sentinel-1雷达数据中检索数字高程模型-开放的应用程序，技术和局限性

随着2014年Sentinel-1的发射，开放式星载雷达影像的新时代开始了，其潜力已在所有应用领域得到证明。但是，尽管不断出版用于检测表面变形的干涉方法，但只有少数研究解决了从Sentinel-1数据推导的数字高程模型（DEM）的问题。这主要是由于狭窄的轨道管，其主要设计用于使用差分干涉仪进行沉降测量。但是，为涉及DEM生成的成功应用程序提供了技术条件。本文的第一部分概述了这些问题，重点是潜在的错误源以及最重要的约束（即时间基准和垂直基准）的影响。第二部分评估了有关该主题的21项研究，它们的目的以及它们如何处理错误源以及验证的必要性。然后根据主要挑战和潜力讨论这些研究，包括将来如何应对这些挑战和潜力，为科学论述奠定坚实的基础。图形概要