Due to changes in our climate and constant loss of habitat for animals, new pathogens for humans are constantly erupting. SARS-CoV-2 virus, become so infectious and deadly that they put new challenge to the whole technological advancement of healthcare. Within this very decade, several other deadly virus outbreaks were witnessed by humans such as Zika virus, Ebola virus, MERS-coronavirus etc. and there might be even more infectious and deadlier diseases in the horizon. Though conventional techniques have succeeded in detecting these viruses to some extent, these techniques are time-consuming, costly, and require trained human-resources. Plasmonic metamaterial based biosensors might pave the way to low-cost rapid virus detection. So this review discusses in details, the latest development in plasmonics and metamaterial based biosensors for virus, viral particles and antigen detection and the future direction of research in this field.

由于气候变化和动物栖息地不断丧失，人类新的病原体不断爆发。 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的传染性和致命性如此之强，以至于对整个医疗保健技术进步提出了新的挑战。在这十年内，人类还目睹了其他几种致命病毒的爆发，例如寨卡病毒、埃博拉病毒、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒等，并且可能还会出现更具传染性和致命性的疾病。尽管传统技术已在一定程度上成功地检测到这些病毒，但这些技术耗时、成本高，并且需要经过培训的人力资源。基于等离子体超材料的生物传感器可能为低成本快速病毒检测铺平道路。因此，本文详细讨论了基于等离子体和超材料的病毒、病毒颗粒和抗原检测生物传感器的最新进展以及该领域的未来研究方向。