To explore the effect of olfactory dysfunction on treatment of motor manifestations in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The current longitudinal retrospective cohort study consecutively recruited 108 de novo PD patients. Of whom 29 were normosmia and 79 were hyposmia, respectively, which was determined by the Korean Version of Sniffin’ Sticks Test II at the time of diagnosis. All the participants underwent serial clinical examinations including Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The normosmic group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction of the UPDRS III score (30.3 ± 5.9 to 21.9 ± 5.1) than that of the hyposmic group (34.5 ± 9.3 to 28.5 ± 8.1) from baseline to 1-year later (p, 0.003; Bonferroni correction for p < 0.0045). Of subdomains in UPDRS III, the axial domain revealed a remarkable decrease in the normosmic group. Further, the hyposmic group exhibited a higher development rate of freezing of gait (FOG) compared to the normosmic group (29/79 (36.7%) vs 2/29 (6.9%); p, 0.002) during 33.9 ± 7.7 months of the mean follow-up period. A Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated the hyposmia to be a significant risk factor for the future development of FOG (HR, 4.23; 95% CI 1.180–17.801; p, 0.05). Our data demonstrated the olfactory dysfunction to be a significant risk factor for the development of the FOG in PD. Hyposmic PD patients should be paid more careful attention to the occurrence of FOG in the clinical practice.

探讨嗅觉功能障碍对帕金森病（PD）运动表现治疗的影响。目前的纵向回顾性队列研究连续招募了 108 名新发 PD 患者。其中29例为嗅觉正常，79例为嗅觉减退，诊断时通过韩版Sniffin' Sticks Test II确定。所有参与者都接受了一系列临床检查，包括统一帕金森病评定量表 (UPDRS)、简易精神状态检查和蒙特利尔认知评估。从基线到 1 年后，常压组的 UPDRS III 评分（30.3 ± 5.9 至 21.9 ± 5.1）显着降低（34.5 ± 9.3 至 28.5 ± 8.1）（p，0.003；Bonferroni p 的修正 < 0.0045)。在 UPDRS III 的子域中，轴向域显示正常组显着减少。此外，与正常组相比，低血压组表现出更高的步态冻结 (FOG) 发展率（29/79（36.7%）对 2/29（6.9%）；p，0.002）在 33.9 ± 7.7 个月的平均随访期。Cox 比例风险模型表明，嗅觉减退是 FOG 未来发展的重要风险因素（HR，4.23；95% CI 1.180–17.801；p，0.05）。我们的数据表明，嗅觉功能障碍是 PD 中 FOG 发展的重要危险因素。低血糖PD患者在临床实践中应更加注意FOG的发生。