In the aftermath of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745, the British state enacted a series of restrictive legal measures designed to pacify the Scottish Highlands and crush the military power of the Gael. With the evolution of scholarly work on the British state, these measures are increasingly seen through the prism of state power, with the Scottish Gàidhealtachd cast as the victim of a fiscal-military system determined to impose obedience on its territory and peoples. In analyzing the implementation and enforcement of the laws passed between 1746 and 1752, this article challenges this narrative. By focusing attention on the legal system—particularly with regards enforcement—this article considers the local reception of the laws and the ideological, legal, and bureaucratic limitations to state authority. Yet it also explores how clan chiefs and traditional elites, who were the primary target of the legislation, quickly turned the laws to their own advantage. This analysis challenges the idea of effective state intervention in the Gàidhealtachd after 1746 and instead brings attention to how parliamentary legislation was mobilized by regional actors to local ends in ways that cast a long shadow over the history of the Scottish Highlands.

中文翻译：

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“在你们的法律之下”：后卡洛登苏格兰高地的国家和法律

在 1745 年雅各布派叛乱之后，英国政府颁布了一系列限制性法律措施，旨在安抚苏格兰高地并粉碎盖尔的军事力量。随着关于英国政府的学术研究的发展，这些措施越来越多地通过国家权力的棱镜来看待，苏格兰的 Gàidhealtachd 被塑造成决心强加服从其领土和人民的财政-军事系统的受害者。在分析 1746 年至 1752 年间通过的法律的实施和执行时，本文对这种说法提出了质疑。通过关注法律体系——尤其是在执法方面——本文考虑了当地对法律的接受以及对国家权威的意识形态、法律和官僚主义限制。然而，它也探讨了作为立法主要目标的氏族首领和传统精英如何迅速将法律变为自己的优势。这一分析挑战了 1746 年之后国家对 Gàidhealtachd 进行有效干预的想法，而是将注意力集中在区域行为者如何动员议会立法以达到当地目的，从而给苏格兰高地的历史蒙上长长的阴影。