Scholars and funding bodies alike are increasingly calling for transformative research that delivers socially robust and impact-oriented outcomes. This paper argues that the Human Scale Development approach (HSDA) introduced by Max-Neef and colleagues in Latin America during the 1980s can serve as a method for transformative science (TSc). HSDA is both a theory and a participatory methodology and thus contributes toward fulfilling the objectives of TSc, which are scientific, practical and educational. In this paper, we begin by explicating how the fundamental human needs (FHN) approach of the HSDA can support scholars and practitioners alike in addressing complex sustainability challenges. We then refer to the methodological adaptations to the original proposal that we have previously developed to illustrate how Max-Neef's methodological approach might be further extended and to demonstrate how these changes can strengthen HSDA and make it even more useful for generating knowledge needed in sustainability transformations. To inform and support research that builds on the co-production of knowledge, we test HSDA with regard to TSc quality criteria and show how it adds value to the existing canon of TSc methods. To this end, we develop an analytical framework that can be deployed to assess the quality of TSc methods.

学者和资助机构越来越多地呼吁进行变革性研究，以提供具有社会稳健性和以影响为导向的成果。本文认为，Max-Neef 及其同事在 1980 年代在拉丁美洲引入的人类规模发展方法 (HSDA) 可以作为变革科学 (TSc) 的一种方法。HSDA 既是一种理论，也是一种参与式方法，因此有助于实现 TSc 的科学、实用和教育目标。在本文中，我们首先解释 HSDA 的基本人类需求 (FHN) 方法如何支持学者和从业者应对复杂的可持续性挑战。然后，我们参考我们之前开发的原始提案的方法改编，以说明 Max-Neef' 我们的方法可能会进一步扩展，并展示这些变化如何加强 HSDA 并使其对产生可持续性转型所需的知识更加有用。为了告知和支持建立在知识共同生产基础上的研究，我们根据 TSc 质量标准测试 HSDA，并展示它如何为现有的 TSc 方法标准增加价值。为此，我们开发了一个分析框架，可用于评估 TSc 方法的质量。我们根据 TSc 质量标准测试 HSDA，并展示它如何为现有的 TSc 方法标准增加价值。为此，我们开发了一个分析框架，可用于评估 TSc 方法的质量。我们根据 TSc 质量标准测试 HSDA，并展示它如何为现有的 TSc 方法标准增加价值。为此，我们开发了一个分析框架，可用于评估 TSc 方法的质量。