This paper belongs to a field of research that has appeared comparatively recently, namely, the study of mathematics competitions. The paper utilizes historical-theoretical methodology and is devoted to changes in the way in which mathematics competitions have been conducted in Russia in recent decades. Mathematics competitions, like mathematics education as a whole, are seen as part of a social process, and changes in them are seen as expressions of new social needs and possibilities. The analysis of the system of competitions, as it evolved in the USSR, and the literature devoted to them, makes it possible to identify certain challenges recognized by the mathematics community. In this paper I discuss examples of new competitions that have emerged to address these challenges. It is noted that new types of competitions have emerged, including team competitions and competitions involving mass participation by students. Also discussed is the emergence of new competitions with subject matter closer to that of ordinary school mathematics than that of old, traditional competitions. An analysis of the situation in Russia reveals the existence of a significant group of mathematics educators, parents, and children interested in the development of mathematics competitions. Also, in the paper I call attention to certain questions that I consider worthy of further study.

本文属于较新出现的一个研究领域，即数学竞赛研究。该论文采用历史理论方法，致力于近几十年来俄罗斯数学竞赛方式的变化。数学竞赛和数学教育一样，被看作是社会进程的一部分，其中的变化被看作是新的社会需求和可能性的表达。对在苏联发展起来的竞赛系统的分析及其相关文献，可以确定数学界公认的某些挑战。在本文中，我将讨论为应对这些挑战而出现的新竞赛示例。值得注意的是，新的比赛类型已经出现，包括团体比赛和学生群众参与的比赛。还讨论了新竞赛的出现，其主题更接近普通学校数学而不是旧的传统竞赛。对俄罗斯情况的分析表明，存在着大量对数学竞赛的发展感兴趣的数学教育者、家长和儿童。此外，在论文中，我提请注意某些我认为值得进一步研究的问题。对俄罗斯情况的分析表明，存在着大量对数学竞赛的发展感兴趣的数学教育者、家长和儿童。此外，在论文中，我提请注意某些我认为值得进一步研究的问题。对俄罗斯情况的分析表明，存在着大量对数学竞赛的发展感兴趣的数学教育者、家长和儿童。此外，在论文中，我提请注意某些我认为值得进一步研究的问题。