Although dispositional shame and guilt have been distinguished by perceptions of the self and behavioral responses, the underlying information processing patterns remain unclear. We hypothesized that an ability to contemplate alternatives to perceptions of the current environment, i.e., flexibility in perspective shifting, may be essential to both dispositions. Dispositional shame may additionally relate to negative relational knowledge that involves a self-representation of being rejected. One hundred and six community participants rated the two dispositions, and had their flexibility in perspective shifting and internalized self-association with rejection assessed. Regression analysis indicated that a lower cost of perspective shifting was observed with dispositional guilt and shame. Yet, unlike a direct association with perspective shifting for dispositional guilt, it was an interaction between perspective shifting and negative relational knowledge that accounted for dispositional shame. The association of dispositional shame with perspective shifting was contingent upon the tendency to pair the self with rejection.

尽管已通过对自我和行为反应的感知来区分性格羞耻和内疚，但潜在的信息处理模式仍不清楚。我们假设，考虑当前环境感知的替代方案的能力，即视角转换的灵活性，可能对两种性格都至关重要。性格羞耻感还可能与消极的关系知识有关，这种知识涉及被拒绝的自我表现。106 名社区参与者对这两种性格进行了评分，并对其在视角转换和内化自我关联方面的灵活性进行了评估。回归分析表明，随着性格内疚和羞耻，观察到的视角转换成本较低。然而，与与性格内疚的视角转移的直接关联不同，它是视角转移和消极关系知识之间的相互作用，导致了性格羞耻。性格羞耻与观点转变的关联取决于将自我与拒绝配对的倾向。