The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a program containing a combination of social skills training (SST) and parenting training (PT) for the enrichment of social interaction skills and reduction of parenting stress for children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) and their parents in Japan. Twenty-two patients with HFASD from second to fourth grade and their parents were assigned to a training group (TG) or treatment as usual (TAU) and compared. The children with HFASD and their parents who were assigned to the TG participated in the manualized program for over a period of five to six months. Subjects provided demographic and medical information and completed teacher and parent-rating scales for social competence (Social Responsiveness Scale-2: SRS-2) and parent-rating of parenting stress (Parental Stress Index: PSI) and mental health (General Health Questionnaire-28: GHQ-28). The participants exhibited some improvements pre-, middle-, and post-treatment, particularly regarding the GHQ, PSI and SRS-2, as reported by parents. However, the social skills improvement reported by teachers was not significant. At the three-month follow-up, parent-rated GHQ and PSI maintained improvement, and SRS-2 achieved the greatest improvement from the baseline rating. Although some findings indicate that a program combination of SST and PT might be useful for enhancing social skills and improving parental stress and mental health, some subscales did not show a sufficient effect. Future research should consider program contents and provide longitudinal follow-up data to test the durability of the treatment.

本研究的目的是调查包含社交技能训练 (SST) 和育儿训练 (PT) 相结合的计划对于丰富高功能自闭症谱系障碍儿童的社交技能和减轻育儿压力的效果（HFASD）和他们在日本的父母。将二至四年级的 22 名 HFASD 患者及其父母分配到训练组 (TG) 或照常治疗 (TAU) 并进行比较。被分配到 TG 的 HFASD 儿童及其父母参加了为期 5 到 6 个月的手动计划。受试者提供了人口统计和医学信息，并完成了教师和家长的社会能力评定量表（Social Responsiveness Scale-2：SRS-2）和育儿压力的父母评级（父母压力指数：PSI）和心理健康（一般健康问卷 28：GHQ-28）。正如父母所报告的，参与者在治疗前、治疗中和治疗后都表现出一些改善，特别是在 GHQ、PSI 和 SRS-2 方面。然而，教师报告的社交技能提高并不显着。在三个月的随访中，父母评定的 GHQ 和 PSI 保持改善，而 SRS-2 与基线评定相比取得了最大的改善。尽管一些研究结果表明 SST 和 PT 的计划组合可能有助于提高社交技能和改善父母的压力和心理健康，但一些分量表并未显示出足够的效果。