The paper presents the research results of a study concerning the recognition of roof instability mechanism in the conditions of the Legnica-Głogów Copper Belt (LGCB), in which the final mining phase encompasses roof collapse. Due to the high potential risk of this type of phenomenon to the health and safety of mine operators it was decided to launch a roof stability assessment study in order to identify timely preventive measures adequate for this hazard.

The approach is based on taking measurements of the changes of roof angles of inclination near the sidewalls of the mine working using high-sensitivity inclinometers fixed to the end of rock anchors in the roof. In this paper, it is shown that this method works well as it captures the natural bending phenomena of the roof prior to its collapse. It is found that the observed roof bending deformation is predominantly the result of combined gravity force and in-situ horizontal stress, regardless of the presence of other factors.

Field measurements indicate that the roof collapse is preceded by a characteristic process covering three specific phases of development: these are described in detail. A new criterion for the recognition of imminent roof destabilization was developed based on the analysis of collected field measurements.

本文介绍了有关在Legnica-Głogów铜带（LGCB）条件下识别顶板失稳机制的研究结果，其中最终开采阶段包括顶板塌陷。由于这种现象对矿山经营者的健康和安全具有很高的潜在风险，因此决定开展屋顶稳定性评估研究，以便及时确定适合这种危害的预防措施。

该方法基于使用固定在屋顶岩石锚固端的高灵敏度测斜仪对靠近矿井侧壁的屋顶倾斜角度的变化进行测量的方法。在本文中，表明该方法行之有效，因为它可以捕获屋顶坍塌之前的自然弯曲现象。结果发现，观察到的屋顶弯曲变形主要是重力和原位水平应力共同作用的结果，而与其他因素无关。

现场测量表明，在屋顶坍塌之前，有一个特征性过程涵盖了三个特定的开发阶段：将对这些阶段进行详细描述。基于对收集到的现场测量数据的分析，开发了一种识别即将发生的屋顶失稳的新标准。