Biosurfactants are amphiphilic molecules produced by living organisms and endowed with properties and characteristics that make them possible substitutes for synthetic surfactants in their most varied applications. As well as its relevance, interest in biosurfactants has grown due to the need to seek sustainable alternatives for existing products and processes. In this review, some of the various aspects of biosurfactants' production were exposed, from the definition, characteristics, and mechanisms of action to fermentative parameters, applications, and market perspectives. Such aspects make up only a few of the many themes within the biosurfactants universe, which are relevant for understanding these complex molecules, capable of assisting in constructing a more sustainable society for all.

生物表面活性剂是由生物体产生的两亲性分子，其特性和特性使其在最多样化的应用中成为合成表面活性剂的替代品。除了其相关性之外，由于需要为现有产品和工艺寻找可持续的替代品，人们对生物表面活性剂的兴趣也在增长。在这篇综述中，从定义、特征和作用机制到发酵参数、应用和市场前景，揭示了生物表面活性剂生产的各个方面。这些方面只是生物表面活性剂领域众多主题中的一小部分，这些主题与理解这些复杂分子有关，能够帮助构建一个更可持续的社会。