Although the indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) as a treatment for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL) and Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are similar, few studies have compared its outcomes for T-ALL/LBL and Ph-negative B-ALL. The clinical data of 28 patients with T-ALL, 16 with T-LBL, and 99 with Ph-negative B-ALL who underwent the first allo-HSCT from 2000–2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Complete remission (CR) rates at allo-HSCT were 79%, 63%, and 75% for T-ALL, T-LBL, and B-ALL, respectively; the 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 55.7%, 56.2%, and 58.6%, respectively (p = 0.92). Univariate analysis revealed that disease subtypes were not significantly associated with OS (B-ALL vs. T-ALL: hazard ratio [HR]=0.89, p = 0.70; T-LBL vs. T-ALL: HR=0.87, p = 0.75), and CR at allo-HSCT was the only prognostic factor for OS (HR=0.25, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CR at allo-HSCT was the only predictor of OS (HR=0.24, p < 0.001). In all three disease subtypes, patients in CR at allo-HSCT tended to have a lower cumulative incidence of relapse than did those in non-CR (T-ALL: 13.6% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.10; T-LBL: 20.0% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.21; B-ALL: 10.0% vs. 56.0%, p < 0.01). Thus, the outcomes of allo-HSCT for T-ALL/LBL were comparable to those of Ph-negative B-ALL. Irrespective of the disease subtypes, achieving CR before allo-HSCT was associated with a favorable OS. Further advances in chemotherapy before allo-HSCT and defining the optimal timing of allo-HSCT would improve the prognosis of patients with T-ALL/LBL.

尽管异基因造血干细胞移植 (allo-HSCT) 作为治疗 T 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病/淋巴瘤 (T-ALL/LBL) 和费城染色体 (Ph) 阴性 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病 (B- ALL) 相似，但很少有研究比较其对 T-ALL/LBL 和 Ph 阴性 B-ALL 的结果。回顾性分析了 28 例 T-ALL 患者、16 例 T-LBL 患者和 99 例 Ph 阴性 B-ALL 患者的临床资料，这些患者在 2000-2019 年期间接受了第一次 allo-HSCT。allo-HSCT 中 T-ALL、T-LBL 和 B-ALL 的完全缓解 (CR) 率分别为 79%、63% 和 75%；3 年总生存 (OS) 率分别为 55.7%、56.2% 和 58.6%（p = 0.92）。单变量分析显示疾病亚型与 OS 无显着相关性（B-ALL 与 T-ALL：风险比 [HR]=0.89，p  = 0.70；T-LBL 与 T-ALL：HR=0.87，p  = 0.75 ），allo-HSCT 的 CR 是 OS 的唯一预后因素（HR=0.25，p  < 0.001）。多变量分析表明，allo-HSCT 的 CR 是 OS 的唯一预测因子​​（HR=0.24，p  < 0.001）。在所有三种疾病亚型中，allo-HSCT 的 CR 患者的累积复发率往往低于非 CR 的患者（T-ALL：13.6% vs. 50.0%，p  = 0.10；T-LBL：20.0 % 与 50.0%，p  = 0.21；B-ALL：10.0% 与 56.0%，p < 0.01)。因此，allo-HSCT 对 T-ALL/LBL 的结果与 Ph 阴性 B-ALL 的结果相当。无论疾病亚型如何，在 allo-HSCT 之前实现 CR 与有利的 OS 相关。allo-HSCT 前化疗的进一步进展和确定 allo-HSCT 的最佳时机将改善 T-ALL/LBL 患者的预后。