Journal of Advanced Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.05.005 H Gregersen 1, 2 , D Sun 1, 3 , S C Chen 2 , W W Leung 2 , C Wong 2 , T Mak 2 , S Ng 2 , K Futaba 2 , Kar Man Lo 4 , G S Kassab 1
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Introduction
Defecation is a complex process that is difficult to study and analyze directly. In anorectal disease conditions, the defecation process may be disturbed, resulting in symptoms including fecal incontinence and constipation. Current state-of-the-art technology measures various aspects of anorectal function but detailed analysis is impossible because they are stand-alone tests rather than an integrated multi-dimensional test.
Objectives
The need for physiologically-relevant and easy-to-use diagnostic tests for identifying underlying mechanisms is substantial. We aimed to advance the field with integrated technology for anorectal function assessment.
Methods
We developed a simulated stool named Fecobionics that integrates several tests to assess defecation pressures, dimensions, shape, orientation and bending during evacuation. A novelty is that pressures are measured in axial direction, i.e. in the direction of the trajectory. Using this novel tool, we present new analytical methods to calculate physiologically relevant parameters during expulsion in normal human subjects.
Results
Data are reported from 28 human subjects with progressively more advanced versions of Fecobionics. A new concept utilizes the rear-front pressure (preload-afterload) diagram for computation of novel defecation indices. Fecobionics obtained physiological data that cannot be obtained with current state-of-the-art technologies.
Conclusion
Fecobionics measures well known parameters such as expulsion time and pressures as well as new metrics including defecation indices. The study suggests that Fecobionics is effective in evaluation of key defecatory parameters and well positioned as an integrated technology for assessment of anorectal function and dysfunction.
中文翻译：
基于生物机电一体化的排便研究新进展
介绍
排便是一个复杂的过程，很难直接研究和分析。在肛门直肠疾病的情况下，排便过程可能会受到干扰，导致包括大便失禁和便秘在内的症状。目前最先进的技术可以测量肛门直肠功能的各个方面，但详细分析是不可能的，因为它们是独立的测试而不是集成的多维测试。
目标
对生理相关且易于使用的诊断测试来识别潜在机制的需求是巨大的。我们的目标是通过肛门直肠功能评估的集成技术来推进该领域的发展。
方法
我们开发了一种名为 Fecobionics 的模拟凳子，它集成了多项测试来评估排便过程中的排便压力、尺寸、形状、方向和弯曲度。新颖之处在于压力是在轴向方向上测量的，即在轨迹方向上。使用这种新颖的工具，我们提出了新的分析方法来计算正常人类受试者排出过程中的生理相关参数。
结果
数据来自 28 名使用更高级版本 Fecobionics 的人类受试者。一种新概念利用后前压力（预载-后载）图来计算新颖的排便指数。 Fecobionics 获得了当前最先进技术无法获得的生理数据。
结论
Fecobionics 可测量众所周知的参数，例如排便时间和压力，以及包括排便指数在内的新指标。该研究表明，Fecobionics 可有效评估关键排便参数，并且非常适合作为评估肛门直肠功能和功能障碍的综合技术。
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