The past decade has witnessed a growing interest for using dual eye tracking to understand and support remote collaboration, especially with studies that have established the benefits of displaying gaze information for small groups. While this line of work is promising, we lack a consistent framework that researchers can use to organize and categorize studies on the effect of shared gaze on social interactions. There exists a wide variety of terminology and methods for describing attentional alignment; researchers have used diverse techniques for designing gaze visualizations. The settings studied range from real-time peer collaboration to asynchronous viewing of eye-tracking video of an expert providing explanations. There has not been a conscious effort to synthesize and understand how these different approaches, techniques and applications impact the effectiveness of shared gaze visualizations (SGVs). In this paper, we summarize the related literature and the benefits of SGVs for collaboration, describe important terminology as well as appropriate measures for the dual eye-tracking space and discuss promising directions for future research. As eye-tracking technology becomes more ubiquitous, there is pressing need to develop a consistent approach to evaluation and design of SGVs. The present paper makes a first and significant step in this direction.

中文翻译：

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协作交互中的共享注视可视化：过去、现在和未来

在过去的十年中，人们对使用双眼追踪来理解和支持远程协作的兴趣日益浓厚，尤其是那些已经确定为小团体显示注视信息的好处的研究。虽然这项工作很有希望，但我们缺乏一个一致的框架，研究人员可以用来组织和分类关于共同凝视对社会互动影响的研究。有各种各样的术语和方法来描述注意力对齐；研究人员使用了多种技术来设计注视可视化。研究的设置范围从实时同行协作到异步观看专家提供解释的眼动追踪视频。没有有意识的努力去综合和理解这些不同的方法是如何的，技术和应用程序会影响共享注视可视化 (SGV) 的有效性。在本文中，我们总结了相关文献和 SGV 对协作的好处，描述了双眼跟踪空间的重要术语和适当的措施，并讨论了未来研究的有希望的方向。随着眼动追踪技术变得越来越普遍，迫切需要开发一种一致的方法来评估和设计 SGV。本文朝着这个方向迈出了第一步，也是重要的一步。随着眼动追踪技术变得越来越普遍，迫切需要开发一种一致的方法来评估和设计 SGV。本文朝着这个方向迈出了第一步，也是重要的一步。随着眼动追踪技术变得越来越普遍，迫切需要开发一种一致的方法来评估和设计 SGV。本文朝着这个方向迈出了第一步，也是重要的一步。