Our research examined the role of challenge and hindrance stressors, as well as the interactive effects of these stressors with positive and negative affect, in predicting work engagement and exhaustion using experience sampling methodology. In Study 1, university staff completed measures of challenge and hindrance stressors, positive and negative affect, work engagement, and exhaustion before the end of the workday over 5 working days. Results from multilevel regression indicated that challenge stressors were positively related to work engagement but not exhaustion, while hindrance stressors were unrelated to both work engagement and exhaustion. Additionally, positive affect moderated the association between challenge stressors and both work engagement and exhaustion. We partially replicated and extended these findings in our second sample of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk workers, who completed measures of affect in the mornings before starting work and stressors, work engagement, and exhaustion in the evenings before leaving work, over a period of 10 working days. Results suggested that challenge stressors were positively related to work engagement and exhaustion, while hindrance stressors were positively related to exhaustion and negatively related to work engagement. Similar to our results in Study 1, we found that positive affect interacted with challenge stressors in predicting each work outcome. Furthermore, positive affect moderated the hindrance stressor-work outcomes relationship. Lastly, negative affect moderated the association between challenge stressors and exhaustion. The findings of this study can be used to design interventions that enhance employee motivation and engagement in the presence of challenge and hindrance stressors.

我们的研究检查了挑战和阻碍压力源的作用，以及这些压力源具有正面和负面影响的相互作用，从而使用经验抽样方法预测工作投入和疲劳程度。在研究1中，大学工作人员在5个工作日内的工作日结束之前，完成了挑战和障碍压力源，正面和负面影响，工作投入和疲惫的测量。多级回归的结果表明，挑战压力源与工作投入呈正相关，而与疲惫无关，而障碍压力源与工作投入与疲惫无关。此外，积极的情绪减轻了挑战压力源与工作投入和劳累之间的联系。我们在第二批Amazon Mechanical Turk工人样本中复制并扩展了这些发现，该样本在10个工作日内于早晨开始工作之前进行了影响评估，并在下班前的傍晚完成了压力，工作投入和疲惫的工作。 。结果表明，挑战压力源与工作投入和劳累成正相关，而障碍压力源与工作投入和劳累成正相关，与工作投入负相关。与研究1的结果相似，我们发现在预测每个工作成果时，积极的影响与挑战压力源相互作用。此外，积极的影响减轻了压力源－工作结局之间的关系。最后，负面影响减轻了挑战压力源与精疲力竭之间的联系。