Background: Children of street-connected women in Kenya are at risk of child maltreatment. There have been increasing calls for positive parenting programs for parents experiencing homelessness, however never has one been implemented with this population. We therefore adapted the evidence-based Parenting for Lifelong Health for Young Children program using participatory methods, and piloted the adapted program with street-connected mothers in Kenya. Objectives: To (a) determine if the adapted program was feasible and acceptable with street-connected mothers, and (b) assess indicative effects on child maltreatment, positive parenting, and parental stress. Participants and setting: Two groups of 15 mothers (ages 19+, and 20−) participated between June-July 2018 in Eldoret, Kenya. Participants were eligible if they (a) were the mother of at least one child and (b) self-identified as street-connected. Methods: Feasibility was measured via enrollment, attendance, drop-out rates, and engagement in take-away activities. Focus groups explored program acceptability and program outcomes. Self-report surveys assessed pre-post changes in child maltreatment, parental stress, parental sense of inefficacy, and positive parenting practices. Results: 70% of participants attended >3/4 of sessions, 10% dropped out, and >50% of take-away activities were completed. Participants reported high acceptability and requested its continuation for themselves and other parents. There was an increase in supporting good behaviour (t(21) = 8.15, p < .000) and setting limits (t(18) = 10.03, p < .000); a reduction in physical abuse (t(23) = −2.15, p = .042) and parental stress (t(22) = −7.08, p < .000); results for parental inefficacy were not statistically significant (t(22) = 0.15, p = .882). Conclusions: The adapted program is feasible and acceptable to street-connected mothers, and may reduce child maltreatment and parental stress, and increase positive parenting. Further research should test program effectiveness.

背景：肯尼亚街头妇女的孩子面临虐待儿童的风险。人们越来越多地呼吁为无家可归的父母提供积极的育儿计划，但从未针对这一人群实施过此类计划。因此，我们采用参与式方法调整了基于证据的“幼儿终身健康养育”计划，并在肯尼亚与街头母亲一起试点了该调整后的计划。目标： (a) 确定调整后的计划是否可行且能够被街头母亲接受，以及 (b) 评估对儿童虐待、积极养育和父母压力的指示性影响。参与者和环境： 2018 年 6 月至 7 月期间，两组 15 名母亲（19 岁以上和 20 岁）在肯尼亚埃尔多雷特参加。如果参与者（a）是至少一个孩子的母亲并且（b）自我认定与街道有联系，则符合资格。方法：通过入学率、出勤率、辍学率和外卖活动参与度来衡量可行性。焦点小组探讨了计划的可接受性和计划结果。自我报告调查评估了儿童虐待、父母压力、父母无能感和积极养育行为的前后变化。结果： 70% 的参与者参加了 > 3/4 的会议，10% 退出，并且完成了 > 50% 的外卖活动。参与者表示接受度很高，并要求自己和其他家长继续这样做。支持良好行为 (t(21) = 8.15, p < .000) 和设定限制 (t(18) = 10.03, p < .000) 有所增加；身体虐待（t(23) = −2.15，p = .042）和父母压力（t(22) = −7.08，p < .000）减少；父母无效的结果没有统计学意义（t（22）= 0.15，p = .882）。结论：改编后的计划是可行的，可以为街头母亲所接受，并且可以减少虐待儿童和父母压力，并增加积极的养育方式。进一步的研究应该测试计划的有效性。