This report evaluated the breastfeeding status in a Tasmanian cohort and its effects on infant and maternal anthropometry and body composition. An observational-cohort analysis of self-reported feeding data from 175 Tasmanian mother-baby dyads (recruited via in-person contact between September 2017 and October 2019), was executed. Only mothers who were ≥ 18 years of age, who had a singleton pregnancy and were able to speak and understand English, were included in the study. Infants outside a gestational age range between 37+ 0 and 41+ 6 weeks were excluded. Infant (using Air Displacement Plethysmography) and maternal body composition was assessed at 0, 3 and 6 months. Analysis of variance with relevant statistical corrections were utilised for cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons between non-exclusively breastfed (neBF) and exclusively breastfed (eBF) groups. Fat-free mass was significantly higher [t = 2.27, df = 98, P = 0.03, confidence interval (CI) 0.03, 0.48] in neBF infants at 6 months (5.59 ± 0.59 vs 5.33 ± 0.50 kg) despite a higher mean fat-free mass in eBF infants at birth (2.89 ± 0.34 vs 3.01 ± 0.35 kg). Weak evidence for different fat mass index trajectories was observed for eBF and neBF infants in the first 6 months of life (ANOVA, F = 2.42, df = 1.9, P = 0.09) with an inversion in fat mass index levels between 3 and 6 months. Body Mass Index (BMI) trajectories were significantly different in eBF and neBF mothers through pregnancy and the first 6 months postpartum (ANOVA, F = 5.56, df = 30.14, P = 0.01). Compared with eBF mothers, neBF mothers retained significantly less weight (t = − 2.754, df = 158, P = 0.02, CI -6.64, − 1.09) at 3 months (0.68 ± 11.69 vs 4.55 ± 6.08 kg) postpartum. Prevalence for neBF was incrementally higher in mothers with a normal BMI compared to mothers with obesity, and mothers who underwent surgical or medical intervention during birth were less likely to exclusively breastfeed. Infants with different feeding patterns may display varying growth patterns in early life and sustained breastfeeding can contribute to greater postpartum maternal weight loss.

中文翻译：

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母乳喂养和身体成分的排他性：从婴儿身体研究中学到的东西

该报告评估了塔斯马尼亚队列中的母乳喂养状况及其对婴儿和母亲人体测量学和身体成分的影响。对来自 175 名塔斯马尼亚母婴二人组（2017 年 9 月至 2019 年 10 月期间通过面对面接触招募）的自我报告喂养数据进行了观察性队列分析。本研究仅包括年龄≥ 18 岁、单胎妊娠且能够说和理解英语的母亲。排除 37+0 至 41+6 周胎龄范围之外的婴儿。在 0、3 和 6 个月时评估婴儿（使用空气置换体积描记法）和母亲的身体成分。使用相关统计校正的方差分析用于非纯母乳喂养 (neBF) 和纯母乳喂养 (eBF) 组之间的横断面和纵向比较。尽管平均脂肪较高，但 neBF 婴儿在 6 个月时的无脂肪质量显着较高 [t = 2.27, df = 98, P = 0.03, 置信区间 (CI) 0.03, 0.48]（5.59 ± 0.59 vs 5.33 ± 0.50 kg）出生时 eBF 婴儿的游离质量（2.89 ± 0.34 与 3.01 ± 0.35 kg）。在生命的前 6 个月（方差分析，F = 2.42，df = 1.9，P = 0.09）观察到 eBF 和 neBF 婴儿不同脂肪质量指数轨迹的弱证据，3 至 6 个月脂肪质量指数水平倒置. eBF 和 neBF 母亲在怀孕期间和产后前 6 个月的体重指数 (BMI) 轨迹显着不同（方差分析，F = 5.56，df = 30。14，P = 0.01）。与 eBF 母亲相比，neBF 母亲在产后 3 个月（0.68 ± 11.69 与 4.55 ± 6.08 kg）时保持的体重显着减少（t = − 2.754, df = 158, P = 0.02, CI -6.64, − 1.09）。与肥胖母亲相比，体重指数正常的母亲的 neBF 患病率逐渐升高，并且在出生期间接受手术或医疗干预的母亲不太可能完全母乳喂养。不同喂养方式的婴儿在生命早期可能表现出不同的生长方式，持续母乳喂养有助于产后产后体重减轻。与肥胖母亲相比，体重指数正常的母亲的 neBF 患病率逐渐升高，并且在出生期间接受手术或医疗干预的母亲不太可能完全母乳喂养。不同喂养方式的婴儿在生命早期可能表现出不同的生长方式，持续母乳喂养有助于产后产后体重减轻。与肥胖母亲相比，体重指数正常的母亲的 neBF 患病率逐渐升高，并且在出生期间接受手术或医疗干预的母亲不太可能完全母乳喂养。不同喂养方式的婴儿在生命早期可能表现出不同的生长方式，持续母乳喂养有助于产后产后体重减轻。