ABSTRACT

Thirteenth-century crusading activity in north Africa reflected many connections between conflict, place and claims to territorial ownership. Crusading encounters with the Almohads and Marinids, Zirids and Hafsids, the Ayyubids and Mamluks, were also encounters with the landscapes and histories of a vast region already part of the biblical and Christian pasts to which crusaders themselves were sometimes imaginatively attached. This paper will consider why and how north Africa (or parts thereof) came to be constructed as holy or sacred territory during the thirteenth-century crusades; and the links between biblical and Christian history, crusading history, and place and space, to trace the construction and language of patrimony and ownership in the landscapes of medieval north Africa.

摘要

北非 13 世纪的十字军活动反映了冲突、地点和领土所有权要求之间的许多联系。十字军与 Almohads 和 Marinids、Zirids 和 Hafsids、Ayyubids 和 Mamluks 的相遇也是与广阔地区的风景和历史的相遇，这些地区已经成为圣经和基督教过去的一部分，十字军自己有时会富有想象力地依附于这些地区。本文将探讨为什么以及如何在 13 世纪的十字军东征期间将北非（或其部分地区）建设为神圣或神圣的领土；以及圣经和基督教历史、十字军历史、地方和空间之间的联系，以追溯中世纪北非景观中遗产和所有权的结构和语言。