B lymphocytes are crucial for the body's humoral immune response, secreting antibodies generated against foreign antigens to fight infection. Adult murine B lymphopoiesis is initiated in the bone marrow and additional maturation occurs in the spleen. In both these organs, B lymphopoiesis involves interactions with numerous different non-hematopoietic cells, also known as stromal or microenvironment cells, which provide migratory, maturation, and survival signals. A variety of conditional knockout and transgenic mouse models have been used to identify the roles of distinct microenvironment cell types in the regulation of B lymphopoiesis. These studies have revealed that mesenchymal lineage cells and endothelial cells comprise the non-hematopoietic microenvironment cell types that support B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow. In the spleen, various types of stromal cells and endothelial cells contribute to B lymphocyte maturation. More recently, comprehensive single cell RNA-seq studies have also been used to identify clusters of stromal cell types in the bone marrow and spleen, which will aid in further identifying key regulators of B lymphopoiesis. Here, we review the different types of microenvironment cells and key extrinsic regulators that are known to be involved in the regulation of murine B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen.

中文翻译：

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基质细胞对鼠 B 淋巴细胞生成的调节

B 淋巴细胞对身体的体液免疫反应至关重要，它会分泌针对外来抗原产生的抗体来对抗感染。成年鼠 B 淋巴细胞生成在骨髓中开始，额外的成熟发生在脾脏中。在这两个器官中，B 淋巴细胞生成涉及与许多不同的非造血细胞（也称为基质或微环境细胞）的相互作用，这些细胞提供迁移、成熟和存活信号。各种条件敲除和转基因小鼠模型已被用于鉴定不同微环境细胞类型在 B 淋巴细胞生成调节中的作用。这些研究表明，间充质谱系细胞和内皮细胞构成了支持骨髓 B 淋巴细胞生成的非造血微环境细胞类型。在脾，各种类型的基质细胞和内皮细胞有助于 B 淋巴细胞的成熟。最近，全面的单细胞 RNA-seq 研究也被用于鉴定骨髓和脾脏中的基质细胞类型簇，这将有助于进一步鉴定 B 淋巴细胞生成的关键调节因子。在这里，我们回顾了不同类型的微环境细胞和已知参与调节小鼠骨髓和脾脏 B 淋巴细胞生成的关键外在调节因子。