Blueberries contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds with high in vitro antioxidant capacities. Their consumption has been associated with improved vascular and metabolic health. The objective was to examine the effects of blueberry supplement consumption on metabolic syndrome (MetS) parameters and potential underlying mechanisms of action. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial was conducted in adults at risk of developing MetS. Participants consumed 50 g daily of either a freeze-dried highbush blueberry powder (BBP) or a placebo powder for 8 weeks (n = 49). MetS phenotypes were assessed at weeks 0, 4 and 8. Fasting blood gene expression profiles and plasma metabolomic profiles were examined at baseline and week 8 to assess metabolic changes occurring in response to the BBP. A per-protocol analysis was used. A significant treatment effect was observed for plasma triglyceride levels that was no longer significant after further adjustments for age, sex, BMI and baseline values. In addition, the treatment*time interactions were non-significant therefore suggesting that compared with the placebo, BBP had no statistically significant effect on body weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma lipid, insulin and glucose levels, insulin resistance (or sensitivity) or glycated hemoglobin concentrations. There were significant changes in the expression of 49 genes and in the abundance of 35 metabolites following BBP consumption. Differentially regulated genes were clustered in immune-related pathways. An 8-week BBP intervention did not significantly improve traditional markers of cardiometabolic health in adults at risk of developing MetS. However, changes in gene expression and metabolite abundance suggest that clinically significant cardiometabolic changes could take longer than 8 weeks to present and/or could result from whole blueberry consumption or a higher dosage. BBP may also have an effect on factors such as immunity even within a shorter 8-week timeframe. clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03266055 , 2017

中文翻译：

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为期8周的冻干蓝莓补品会影响免疫相关途径：一项随机，双盲安慰剂对照试验

蓝莓含有高水平的多酚类化合物，具有很高的体外抗氧化能力。食用它们与改善血管和代谢健康有关。目的是研究食用蓝莓补充剂对代谢综合征（MetS）参数和潜在的潜在作用机制的影响。在有发生MetS风险的成年人中进行了一项随机双盲安慰剂对照干预试验。参与者每天食用50克冷冻干燥的高丛蓝莓粉（BBP）或安慰剂粉，持续8周（n = 49）。在第0、4和8周评估MetS表型。在基线和第8周检查空腹血液基因表达谱和血浆代谢组学谱，以评估响应于BBP而发生的代谢变化。使用基于协议的分析。在进一步调整年龄，性别，BMI和基线值后，观察到血浆甘油三酸酯水平的治疗效果不再显着。此外，治疗*时间相互作用不显着，因此表明与安慰剂相比，BBP对体重，血压，空腹血浆脂质，胰岛素和葡萄糖水平，胰岛素抵抗（或敏感性）或糖化水平无统计学意义血红蛋白浓度。食用BBP后49个基因的表达和35种代谢产物的丰度发生了显着变化。差异调节基因聚集在免疫相关途径中。为期8周的BBP干预并未显着改善有发生MetS风险的成年人的心脏代谢健康的传统指标。然而，基因表达和代谢产物丰度的变化表明，临床上显着的心脏代谢变化可能需要超过8周的时间才能出现，并且/或者可能是由于食用整个蓝莓或更高剂量导致的。即使在较短的8周时间内，BBP也可能会影响免疫力等因素。Clinicaltrials.gov，NCT03266055，2017