Using detailed data on skill requirements in online vacancies, we estimate the demand for AI specialists across occupations, sectors, and firms. We document a dramatic increase in the demand for AI skills over 2010–2019 in the U.S. economy across most industries and occupations. The demand is highest in IT occupations, followed by architecture and engineering, scientific, and management occupations. Firms with larger market capitalization, higher cash holdings, and higher investments in R&D have a higher demand for AI skills. We also document a wage premium of 11% for job postings that require AI skills within the same firm and 5% within the same job title. Managerial occupations have the highest wage premium for AI skills. Firms demanding AI skills more intensively also offer higher salaries in non-AI jobs.

我们使用有关在线职位空缺技能要求的详细数据，估算了各个职业、部门和公司对 AI 专家的需求。我们记录了 2010 年至 2019 年美国经济中大多数行业和职业对人工智能技能的需求急剧增加。IT 职业的需求量最高，其次是建筑和工程、科学和管理职业。市值较大、现金持有量较高、研发投入较高的公司对人工智能技能的需求较高。我们还记录了同一公司内需要人工智能技能的职位发布的工资溢价为 11%，同一职位内的工资溢价为 5%。管理职业对人工智能技能的工资溢价最高。对人工智能技能要求更高的公司也会在非人工智能工作中提供更高的薪水。