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Saturation Mechanisms in Common LED Phosphors
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00372 Marie Anne van de Haar 1 , Mohamed Tachikirt 1 , Anne C Berends 1 , Michael R Krames 1, 2 , Andries Meijerink 3 , Freddy T Rabouw 3
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00372 Marie Anne van de Haar 1 , Mohamed Tachikirt 1 , Anne C Berends 1 , Michael R Krames 1, 2 , Andries Meijerink 3 , Freddy T Rabouw 3
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Commercial lighting for ambient and display applications is mostly based on blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) combined with phosphor materials that convert some of the blue light into green, yellow, orange, and red. Not many phosphor materials can offer stable output under high incident light intensities for thousands of operating hours. Even the most promising LED phosphors saturate in high-power applications, that is, they show decreased light output. The saturation behavior is often poorly understood. Here, we review three popular commercial LED phosphor materials, Y3Al5O12 doped with Ce3+, CaAlSiN3 doped with Eu2+, and K2SiF6 doped with Mn4+, and unravel their saturation mechanisms. Experiments with square-wave-modulated laser excitation reveal the dynamics of absorption and decay of the luminescent centers. By modeling these dynamics and linking them to the saturation of the phosphor output intensity, we distinguish saturation by ground-state depletion, thermal quenching, and ionization of the centers. We discuss the implications of each of these processes for LED applications. Understanding the saturation mechanisms of popular LED phosphors could lead to strategies to improve their performance and efficiency or guide the development of new materials.
中文翻译：
常见 LED 荧光粉的饱和机制
用于环境和显示应用的商业照明主要基于蓝色发光二极管 (LED) 与荧光粉材料的结合，这些荧光粉材料可将部分蓝光转换为绿光、黄光、橙光和红光。没有多少荧光粉材料能够在高入射光强度下提供数千小时的稳定输出。即使是最有前途的 LED 荧光粉在高功率应用中也会出现饱和现象，即它们的光输出会下降。人们常常对饱和行为知之甚少。在此，我们回顾了三种流行的商用LED荧光粉材料：掺杂Ce 3+的Y 3 Al 5 O 12 、掺杂Eu 2+的CaAlSiN 3和掺杂Mn 4+的K 2 SiF 6 ，并揭示了它们的饱和机制。方波调制激光激发实验揭示了发光中心吸收和衰减的动力学。通过对这些动力学进行建模并将它们与荧光粉输出强度的饱和度联系起来，我们通过基态耗尽、热猝灭和中心电离来区分饱和度。我们讨论每个工艺对 LED 应用的影响。了解流行 LED 荧光粉的饱和机制可以制定提高其性能和效率的策略，或指导新材料的开发。
更新日期：2021-06-17
中文翻译：
常见 LED 荧光粉的饱和机制
用于环境和显示应用的商业照明主要基于蓝色发光二极管 (LED) 与荧光粉材料的结合，这些荧光粉材料可将部分蓝光转换为绿光、黄光、橙光和红光。没有多少荧光粉材料能够在高入射光强度下提供数千小时的稳定输出。即使是最有前途的 LED 荧光粉在高功率应用中也会出现饱和现象，即它们的光输出会下降。人们常常对饱和行为知之甚少。在此，我们回顾了三种流行的商用LED荧光粉材料：掺杂Ce 3+的Y 3 Al 5 O 12 、掺杂Eu 2+的CaAlSiN 3和掺杂Mn 4+的K 2 SiF 6 ，并揭示了它们的饱和机制。方波调制激光激发实验揭示了发光中心吸收和衰减的动力学。通过对这些动力学进行建模并将它们与荧光粉输出强度的饱和度联系起来，我们通过基态耗尽、热猝灭和中心电离来区分饱和度。我们讨论每个工艺对 LED 应用的影响。了解流行 LED 荧光粉的饱和机制可以制定提高其性能和效率的策略，或指导新材料的开发。
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