The plant diversity present in Andean ecosystems is fundamental for the preservation of pollinator species, particularly for bees, due to their direct dependence on the supply of pollen and nectar. Palynology is an important tool in studying the interactions between bees and the flora of a region. This work aimed to determine the botanical composition of bee pollen harvested by Apis mellifera L. in the Altiplano Cundiboyacense over an altitudinal gradient to establish pollen markers that allow the geographic differentiation of the origin of bee products from the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Bee pollen samples were gathered in 2015 during both dry and rainy periods. The samples were acetolyzed and analyzed using a minimum count of 500 pollen grains per sample. Diversity and evenness were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indexes respectively. Eighty-nine pollen types belonging to 43 botanical families were identified. The Asteraceae family had the greatest pollen richness (23 types), followed by Leguminosae (eight types). Statistical significant difference between climatic periods was revealed. The rainy period had higher richness and more exclusive pollen types than the dry period, while lower altitudinal zones had greater diversity and evenness than higher zones. The results demonstrate the importance of both native and introduced species as nutritional sources in the diet of honey bees and allow the establishment of pollen types that act as markers useful for recognizing the origin of apicultural products produced in the Eastern Andes of Colombia.

安第斯生态系统中存在的植物多样性对于保护传粉物种至关重要，尤其是蜜蜂，因为它们直接依赖花粉和花蜜的供应。孢粉学是研究蜜蜂与某个地区植物群之间相互作用的重要工具。这项工作旨在确定意大利蜜蜂采集的蜂花粉的植物成分L. 在 Altiplano Cundiboyacense 的一个海拔梯度上建立花粉标记，允许从地理上区分来自哥伦比亚东安第斯山脉的蜂产品的起源。蜂花粉样本于 2015 年在旱季和雨季采集。对样品进行乙酰解，并使用每个样品最少 500 个花粉粒进行分析。分别使用 Shannon-Wiener 和 Pielou 指数分析多样性和均匀性。鉴定了属于 43 个植物科的 89 种花粉类型。菊科的花粉丰富度最高（23 种），其次是豆科（8 种）。揭示了气候时期之间的统计显着差异。与旱季相比，雨季的花粉丰富度更高，花粉种类更独特，而低海拔地区比高海拔地区具有更大的多样性和均匀度。结果证明了本地和引进物种作为蜜蜂饮食中营养来源的重要性，并允许建立花粉类型，这些花粉类型可作为标记，用于识别哥伦比亚东安第斯山脉生产的养蜂产品的来源。