Agroforestry has potential for strengthening the climate change resilience of smallholder farmers in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, the food security challenges faced by smallholders will likely worsen due to climate change impacts. Agroforestry provides and option for strengthening climate change resilience, while contributing to food access, income, health, and environmental stability. To evaluate the evidence for such benefits, this systematic review identifies 22 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2019 which assess agroforestry’s contributions to food security in Indonesia, mostly in Java or Sumatra. Analysis of the studies indicate that traditional and commercial agroforestry contribute to food security in diverse ways: for example, traditional homegardens offer 20% more dietary diversity than commercial counterparts, while commercial homegardens may contribute up to five times more income. Agri-silviculture contributions fall along a timber versus non-timber forest product continuum that displays a similar tradeoff between diversity and income. Those systems with a commercial focus may receive 54% of their income from a single commodity crop such as coffee, while traditional systems allow greater access to plants with medicinal benefits. Nearly all agroforestry systems offered indirect benefits for food security, such as allowing more off-farm work than traditional agriculture and contributing to environmental stability: users of agroforestry were found by one study to collect 83% less fuelwood from natural forests. One study highlighted that agroforestry options have up to 98% greater net present value (for periods over 30 years) compared to slash and burn style agriculture. However, very few studies of Indonesian agroforestry focused explicitly on financial analysis and food security, indicating the need for further research. Given the similar situations faced by many Southeast Asia countries, our findings contribute to emerging trends throughout the region regarding the relationship between agroforestry and food security.

农林业在增强东南亚小农户的气候变化适应能力方面具有潜力。在印度尼西亚，由于气候变化的影响，小农面临的粮食安全挑战可能会加剧。农林业为增强气候变化适应力提供了选择，同时也为粮食获取，收入，健康和环境稳定做出了贡献。为了评估此类好处的证据，本系统评价确定了2000年至2019年之间发表的22篇经同行评审的文章，这些文章评估了农林业对印度尼西亚粮食安全的贡献，主要是在爪哇或苏门答腊。对研究的分析表明，传统的和商业化的农林业以多种方式为粮食安全做出贡献：例如，传统的家庭菜园提供的饮食多样性要比商业化的同类多20％，而商业花园可以贡献多达五倍的收入。农林造林的贡献沿着木材与非木材林产品的连续性下降，在多样性和收入之间表现出类似的权衡。那些以商业为重点的系统可能从单一商品作物（例如咖啡）中获得其收入的54％，而传统系统则允许更多地获得具有药用价值的植物。几乎所有农林业系统都为粮食安全提供间接利益，例如比传统农业提供更多的非农工作，并有助于环境稳定：一项研究发现，农林业使用者从天然林中收集的薪材减少了83％。一项研究强调，与刀耕火种的农业相比，农林业选择的净现值（30年以上）高出98％。但是，很少有关于印度尼西亚农用林业的研究明确地集中在财务分析和粮食安全上，这表明需要进行进一步的研究。考虑到许多东南亚国家面临的类似情况，我们的发现有助于整个地区在农林业与粮食安全之间的关系方面出现新的趋势。