This piece explores the history of medicine in Egypt, the roots of an Egyptian practice of biomedicine in particular, through its historiography. In the period after World War II, the term “biomedicine” came to describe a practice of medicine defined by the close relations among clinicians, biological laboratory research, and the pharmaceutical industry in Europe and the United States. The history of medicine in Egypt and other parts of the Middle East and North Africa has long possessed close links to that in regions of Europe. In Egypt too, biomedicine has deep historical roots shaped by the influence of the nineteenth-century Ottoman-Egyptian state, the experience of colonialism, and the anti-colonial objectives of the post-colonial Egyptian state in the second half of the twentieth century. These influences were particularly important in relation to the treatment of schistosomiasis, one of Egypt's top-ranking health problems of the twentieth century. The history of schistosomiasis demonstrates the gaps in the historiography of medicine in modern Egypt as well as how we might begin to consider the emergence of biomedical knowledge and theory at sites in Global South.

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走近埃及生物医学的历史

这件作品通过其历史编纂探索了埃及的医学史，特别是埃及生物医学实践的根源。二战后，“生物医学”一词开始描述由欧洲和美国的临床医生、生物实验室研究和制药业之间的密切关系所定义的医学实践。埃及以及中东和北非其他地区的医学史长期以来与欧洲地区的医学史有着密切的联系。在埃及，生物医学也有着深厚的历史根源，这些根源受到 19 世纪奥斯曼-埃及国家的影响、殖民主义的经历以及 20 世纪下半叶后殖民埃及国家的反殖民目标的影响。这些影响对于血吸虫病的治疗尤为重要，血吸虫病是埃及 20 世纪最严重的健康问题之一。血吸虫病的历史证明了现代埃及医学史学的差距，以及我们如何开始考虑在全球南方地区出现的生物医学知识和理论。