The plakin family of cytoskeletal proteins play an important role in cancer progression yet are under-studied in cancer, especially ovarian cancer. These large cytoskeletal proteins have primary roles in the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity but are also associated with scaffolds of intermediate filaments and hemidesmosomal adhesion complexes mediating signalling pathways that regulate cellular growth, migration, invasion and differentiation as well as stress response. Abnormalities of plakins, and the closely related spectraplakins, result in diseases of the skin, striated muscle and nervous tissue. Their prevalence in epithelial cells suggests that plakins may play a role in epithelial ovarian cancer progression and recurrence. In this review article, we explore the roles of plakins, particularly plectin, periplakin and envoplakin in disease-states and cancers with emphasis on ovarian cancer. We discuss the potential role the plakin family of proteins play in regulating cancer cell growth, survival, migration, invasion and drug resistance. We highlight potential relationships between plakins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) and discuss how interaction of these processes may affect ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and ultimately recurrence. We propose that molecular changes in the expression of plakins leads to the transition of benign ovarian tumours to carcinomas, as well as floating cellular aggregates (commonly known as spheroids) in the ascites microenvironment, which may contribute to the sustenance and progression of the disease. In this review, attempts have been made to understand the crucial changes in plakin expression in relation to progression and recurrence of ovarian cancer.

中文翻译：

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plakins 在癌症和疾病中的属性：对卵巢癌进展、化疗耐药和复发的看法

细胞骨架蛋白的 plakin 家族在癌症进展中发挥重要作用，但在癌症，尤其是卵巢癌中的研究不足。这些大的细胞骨架蛋白在维持细胞骨架完整性方面起主要作用，但也与中间丝支架和半桥粒粘附复合物相关，介导调节细胞生长、迁移、侵袭和分化以及应激反应的信号通路。斑块和密切相关的光谱斑块异常会导致皮肤、横纹肌和神经组织疾病。它们在上皮细胞中的流行表明 plakins 可能在上皮性卵巢癌的进展和复发中发挥作用。在这篇评论文章中，我们探讨了 plakins 的作用，尤其是 plectin，periplakin 和 envoplakin 在疾病状态和癌症中，重点是卵巢癌。我们讨论了 plakin 蛋白家族在调节癌细胞生长、存活、迁移、侵袭和耐药性方面的潜在作用。我们强调了 plakins、上皮间质转化 (EMT) 和癌症干细胞 (CSC) 之间的潜在关系，并讨论了这些过程的相互作用如何影响卵巢癌的进展、化学抗性和最终复发。我们提出，plakins 表达的分子变化导致良性卵巢肿瘤转变为癌，以及腹水微环境中漂浮的细胞聚集体（通常称为球状体），这可能有助于疾病的维持和进展。在本次审查中，