Motivational interviewing (MI) is an American behavioral health intervention that has spread dramatically across professional fields, including counseling psychology, corrections, dentistry, nursing, nutrition, primary-care medicine, safe-water interventions, and social work. This article explores how the central methodological principles of American pragmatism—if understood and learned as MI—take root among a group of contemporary American helping professionals. More specifically, the article shows how professional training in MI inculcates: (1) a steadfast focus on the immediate consequences of one's acts rather than floating or abstract conceptions of the true, the good, or the right; and (2) an investment in a highly reflexive mode of knowledge acquisition, which relinquishes the certainty of positivist explanations and embraces doubt. Indeed, learning how not to know is part and parcel of becoming an American pragmatist, and this article details the labor, costs, and rewards of adopting a pragmatic, or (in)expert, sensibility. [expertise, pragmatism, professionals, knowledge, United States]

中文翻译：

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学习如何不知道：实用主义、（在）专业知识和美国帮助专业人士的培训

动机访谈 (MI) 是一种美国行为健康干预措施，已在专业领域广泛传播，包括心理咨询、矫正、牙科、护理、营养、初级保健医学、安全用水干预和社会工作。本文探讨了美国实用主义的核心方法论原则——如果作为 MI 来理解和学习的话——如何在一群当代美国帮助专业人士中扎根。更具体地说，文章展示了 MI 的专业培训如何灌输：(1) 坚定不移地关注自己行为的直接后果，而不是对真、善或正确的浮华或抽象概念；(2) 对知识获取的高度反思模式的投资，这种模式放弃了实证主义解释的确定性并接受了怀疑。事实上，学习如何不知道是成为美国实用主义者的重要组成部分，本文详细介绍了采用务实或（不）专家的敏感性的劳动、成本和回报。[专长、务实、专业、知识、美]