The aim of this paper is to present a study in which we compare the degree of empathy that a convenience sample of university students expressed with humans, animals, robots and objects. The present study broadens the spectrum of elements eliciting empathy that has been previously explored while at the same time comparing different facets of empathy. Here we used video clips of mistreated humans, animals, robots, and objects to elicit empathic reactions and to measure attributed emotions. The use of such a broad spectrum of elements allowed us to infer the role of different features of the selected elements, specifically experience (how much the element is able to understand the events of the environment) and degree of anthropo-/zoomorphization. The results show that participants expressed empathy differently with the various social actors being mistreated. A comparison between the present results and previous results on vicarious feelings shows that congruence between self and other experience was not always held, and it was modulated by familiarity with robotic artefacts of daily usage.

本文的目的是提出一项研究，在该研究中，我们比较了方便样本中的人类，动物，机器人和物体所表达的同情程度。本研究拓宽了先前已探讨过的引起共情的元素的范围，同时比较了共情的不同方面。在这里，我们使用了受虐待的人类，动物，机器人和物体的视频片段，以引起共情反应并测量归因于情感。如此广泛的元素使用使我们能够推断所选元素的不同特征的作用，特别是经验（该元素能够理解环境事件的程度）和人为/动物变形的程度。结果表明，参与者受到不同的社会行为者的同情时，表达了不同的同理心。当前结果和先前结果在替代性感觉上的比较表明，自我体验和其他体验之间的一致性并不总是保持一致，并且它是通过对日常使用的机器人手工艺品的熟悉而被调节的。