Social prescribing programmes (SP) are person-centred coaching schemes meant to help participants improve individual circumstances, thereby to reduce demand on health and social care. SP could be an innovative means to improve preventive and public health in the pursuit of universal financially sustainable healthcare. Given its potential, our systematic review assesses type, content, and quality of evidence available regarding SP effectiveness at the individual, system, and community levels. We examine the impact of SP on addressing loneliness, social isolation, well-being, and connectedness, as well as related concepts, which are not yet considered jointly in one study. Following PRISMA, we search: EBSCOHost (CINAHL Complete; eBook Collection; E-Journals; MEDLINE Full Text; Open Dissertations; PsycARTICLES; PsycINFO); Web of Science Core Collection; and UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Excluding systematic reviews and articles without impact evaluations, we review 51 studies. Several studies do not distinguish between core concepts and/or provide information on the measures used to assess outcomes; exactly one peer-reviewed study presents a randomised controlled trial. If we wish to know the potential of social prescribing to lead to universal financially sustainable healthcare, we urge researchers and practitioners to standardise definitions and metrics, and to explore conceptual linkages between social prescribing and system/community outcomes.

中文翻译：

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社会处方能否促进个人和社区福祉？对证据的系统审查

社会处方计划（SP）是以人为本的辅导计划，旨在帮助参与者改善个人情况，从而减少对健康和社会护理的需求。SP 可以成为改善预防和公共卫生的创新手段，以追求全民财务上可持续的医疗保健。鉴于其潜力，我们的系统审查评估了有关个人、系统和社区层面 SP 有效性的现有证据的类型、内容和质量。我们研究了 SP 对解决孤独、社会孤立、幸福感和连通性以及相关概念的影响，这些概念尚未在一项研究中联合考虑。遵循 PRISMA，我们搜索：EBSCOHost（CINAHL Complete；电子书集；电子期刊；MEDLINE Full Text；Open Dissertations；PsycARTICLES；PsycINFO）；Web of Science 核心合集；和英国国家健康与护理卓越研究所。排除系统综述和没有影响评估的文章，我们回顾了 51 项研究。一些研究没有区分核心概念和/或提供用于评估结果的措施的信息；恰好有一项同行评审的研究提出了一项随机对照试验。如果我们希望了解社会处方在实现全民财务可持续医疗保健方面的潜力，我们敦促研究人员和从业者标准化定义和指标，并探索社会处方与系统/社区结果之间的概念联系。