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Floral anatomy, embryology, seed, and fruit development in Cephalanthus (Naucleeae-Rubiaceae), with emphasis on C. glabratus
Protoplasma ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01664-8
María Florencia Romero 1 , Roberto Manuel Salas 1, 2 , Ana Maria Gonzalez 1, 3
Affiliation  

Information on the reproductive anatomy in genera of the tribe Naucleeae, particularly Cephalanthus, is scarce and fragmented. Of the six species in the genus, only the mature megagamethophyte of Cephalanthus occidentalis has been described. This study aims to provide information on embryological aspects in flowers of C. glabratus and to analyze the morphology and anatomy of the flowers, fruit, and seed in the six species of the genus. Cephalanthus glabratus have imperfect flowers: pistillate (PF) and staminate (SF). In the PF, the ovules are functional, while in the SF, they atrophy during the formation of the embryo sac. The mature ovule has a single integument, corresponds to the Phyllis type and the embryo sac is a Polygonum type, forming only in the PF. The presence of pollenkitt and secondary presentation of pollen were observed in the SF, as well as in the pollen formation previously described, whereas in the PF, they are absent, due to the collapse of the pollen grains inside the indehiscent anthers. The analysis of the ontogeny of the ovular excrescence in C. glabratus determined its funicular origin, calling it an aril. Its development is a pre-anthesis event, initiated during megasporogenesis. In seeds, the aril is a fleshy, white appendage which almost completely envelops the seeds of Cephalanthus, except for Cephalanthus natalensis where it is noticeably more reduced. Studies of the fruit in Cephalanthus species indicate that the infructescence is a dry schizocarp which separates into uni-seminated mericarps, except in C. natalensis that has fleshy indehiscent fruit.



中文翻译:

Cephalanthus (Naucleeae-Rubiaceae) 的花卉解剖学、胚胎学、种子和果实发育,重点是 C. glabratus

关于 Naucleeae 部落,特别是Cephalanthus属的生殖解剖学信息稀缺且支离破碎。在该属的六个物种中,只有成熟的大配子植物Cephalanthus occidentalis已被描述。本研究旨在提供有关光斑螟花的胚胎学方面的信息,并分析该属六个物种的花、果实和种子的形态和解剖结构。Cephalanthus glabratus有不完美的花:雌蕊(PF)和雄蕊(SF)。在 PF 中,胚珠是有功能的,而在 SF 中,它们在胚囊形成期间萎缩。成熟的胚珠有一个单一的珠被,对应于Phyllis型和胚囊为型,仅在PF中形成。在 SF 以及前面描述的花粉形成中观察到 pollenkitt 的存在和花粉的二次呈递,而在 PF 中,由于花粉粒在不裂花药内的塌缩,它们不存在。对C. glabratus卵形赘生物的个体发育分析确定了它的索状起源,称其为假种皮。它的发育是开花前的事件,在大孢子发生过程中开始。在种子中,假种皮是肉质的白色附属物,几乎完全包裹 Cephalanthus 的种子Cephalanthus natalensis的种子明显减少。水果研究Cephalanthus物种表明,果序是一种干燥的分果皮,其分离成单分果的分果皮,但具有肉质不裂果的C. natalensis除外。

更新日期:2021-05-15
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